1. Russian Revolution

2. Czar Nicholas Romanov II
Weak ruler of Russia
Weak rule after loss of Russo-Japanese war, Bloody Sunday and Revolution of 1905
Forced to abdicate after February
Family was captured and eventually executed

3. Grigory Rasputin Born a Peasant
1906 acted as a healer for Romanov family
Power peaked in 1916 when Nicholas left for the front lines
Assassinated Dec. 1916
Rasputin

4. V.I. Lenin Leader of the Bolsheviks
Leader of Soviet Russian Government
Russia became a one-party communist state
Signed the Treaty of Brest-Litovsk
After multiple strokes, went into a coma and died

5. Joseph Stalin - Governed the Soviet Union from mid-1920s-1953
- with death of Lenin he formed a triumvirate against Leon Trotsky
- Known for his collectives, the Great Purge and his Five Year Plans

6. Bloody Sunday Began the overthrow and the revolution Jan. 1905
Unarmed protesters marched on the palace
Imperial guards feared an invasion and fired upon the crowd
Only made Russia’s problem worse

7. Revolution of 1905 Triggered by Bloody Sunday
Forced Nicholas II to transform the government from autocracy to constitutional monarchy
Results:
Created a weak Duma
Created the October Manifesto
Created constitution of 1906

8. February Revolution Technically began March 8, 1917
Russia still used Julian Calendar
Riots and strikes over scarcity of food began in Petrograd (St. Petersburg today)
Demonstrators were fired upon and still more took to the streets
Mid-March Nicholas II abdicated his throne

9. October Revolution
Also known as Red October or the Bolshevik Revolution
Led by the Bolsheviks
Took over government buildings and then the Winter Palace (seat of Provisional government)
Civil war would continue until 1922
Bolsheviks would come to rule the Soviet Union

10. Soviet Union under Stalin

11. Five Year Plans
Plan was to strengthen communism and modernization of the economy
Stalin wanted to return Soviet Union to totalitarian state
Factories and mines had production goals
Lead to increases in industrial output
Oil production doubled
Demands were high on workers
All children were required to attend state run schools

12. Collectivization and Famine Gulags
Collected small farms, made into large farms (collectives) and redistributed
Made many farmers unhappy and was unfair
Gulags
Stalin executed thousands and sent even more to labor camps
Resistance continued
During 1932 famine, stalin refused to send food or aid
Millions starved to death

13. Great Purge
Stalin held absolute power but feared people plotting against him
1934 he called for the Great Purge
Anybody that could think for themselves were executed or sent to the Gulag
Purges increased his power
Soviet Union lost many great minds including military leaders and, proffesors, writers, etc.