1. The Russian Revolution
How do the Bolsheviks (Communists) come to power in Russia?

3. A BREWING REVOLUTION
1894: Nicholas II becomes the Czar of Russia [autocratic ruler]
-but is really a weak leader
industrialization doubled
- still behind other world powers
- using foreign investors & raising taxes
- low pay & poor working conditions
1904: lose Russo-Japanese War
- military still not advanced enough

4. 1905: Major protests begin against the Czar
Army opens fire on crowd of protesters seeking reform (Bloody Sunday)
Russian Duma (Parliament) formed
- reforms fail  Duma ends
1914: Russia involved in WW I  millions of peasants killed

5. Czarina running Russia  getting poor advice from Rasputin
- Russians turn against Romanov family
Czar’s cousin Felix Yusopov will try to kill Rasputin
Ladies man!
Czarina Alexandra
Grigori Rasputin
Alexei Romanov

6. Nicholas II steps down from power (abdicate)
1917 March Revolution
people fed up with shortages – strikes/riots begin in St. Petersburg (Petrograd)
Nicholas II steps down from power (abdicate)
provisional gov’t led by Alexander Kerensky takes control
- keeps Russia in WWI
Economy/shortages worsen
Communists demand change  begin forming soviets (local councils)
- made up of peasants, workers and soldiers
- begin gaining control/influence
Down with the War!!
Down with the Autocracy!
We must honor our agreements!

7. The October (Bolshevik) Revolution
Power to the Soviets!
Oct/Nov: Communists call for the overthrow of Provisional Govt.
sign Treaty of Brest-Litovsk w/ Germany  ends war
1918: Civil war between Whites (enemies of Bolsheviks) & the Reds (Bolsheviks)
1920: Red Army wins - Lenin hopes Russian Rev will inspire worldwide communist rev
Peace, Land & Bread!
1. Mensheviks led by Martov favor less violent overthrow - moderate
2. Bolsheviks led by Lenin & Trotsky favor violent overthrow - radical
Vladimir Lenin Speaks
Bolsheviks act first  storm Winter Palace & seize gov’t

8. Lenin Maintains Power
1922: reorganizes Russia into Soviet Union (USSR)
- Bolsheviks renamed Communists
Lenin starts NEP – New Economic Plan
- mixes Communism with some Capitalism
NEP: state controls large industries & food supply
- smaller business privately owned
keeps control using the Cheka (secret police)
- terror tactics against the enemies of Lenin

9. Marx vs. Lenin Read Analyzing Key Concepts page 872
Who owns property in Communism? 
What did Karl Marx see Communism as? 
What did Lenin’s view of Communism create?
Marx
Lenin
4. What is the story of history? 
5. Who is the struggle between?
6. What happens with the Proletariat?
7. What happens at the end of the Revolution?