Circulatory and Respiratory Systems Objectives: Describe the structure and function of the circulatory system and respiratory system. Explain how the circulatory and respiratory system keeps a stable internal environment inside the human body.

The anatomy of the respiratory system Key Point #1: The respiratory system is made up of the nose, nasal cavity,or mouth,pharynx, larynx, trachea, bronchus, and alveoli.

Trace that Oxygen Molecule Nasal cavity Nose Epiglottis Larynx Trachea* Right Bronchus Left Bronchus Epiglottis- flap of cartilage that covers the trachea when you are swallowing. Trachea- your “windpipe.” Also, where you see those miracle doctors cutting into with a fork or some shit when someone chokes on something. Diaphragm- the muscle that leads to the expansion and contracting of your chest- you don’t control this normally Diaphragm*

ORGAN SPOTLIGHT! Nose You breath air in through your nose In the nasal cavity, the air you breathe in is filtered so you don’t breath in the bad stuff!

ORGAN SPOTLIGHT! Trachea Air travels down your trachea to your lungs Your trachea is also known as your “windpipe”

ORGAN SPOTLIGHT! Lungs The fresh oxygen you breathe in moves through your lungs to tiny sacs called alveoli In the alveoli, oxygen and carbon dioxide are traded (more on this soon!)

Review Cellular respiration Reactants: Oxygen, Glucose Products: Carbon dioxide, water, ATP

Respiratory System Key Point #2: The respiratory system exchanges the oxygen we breathe in with the carbon dioxide our cells make during cellular respiration AND ALL OF THIS MAINTAINS HOMEOSTASIS!!!

Review: Diffusion Diffusion means to GO from HIGH to LOW It requires no energy! (passive transport)

Respiratory System Cells release CO2 in the blood during respiration. There is no CO2 in the alveoli so it DIFFUSES into the alveoli. You then breathe it out. The oxygen in your alveoli DIFFUSES into the blood because there is a lot of CO2 in the blood and not a lot of oxygen. AND ALL OF THIS MAINTAINS HOMEOSTASIS!!!

http://www.brainpop.com/health/bodysystems/res piratorysystem/

The circulatory system How does this oxygenated blood get to your body?????????

The function of the circulatory system Key Point #3: The circulatory system transports nutrients, gasses, and wastes to where they need to go in the body. It’s the highway

Blood Flow Big veins Vena Cava Aorta Capillaries Big arteries Explain how it takes it to all your muscles, liver, stomach, EVERYWHERE b/c cells need energy and oxygen and this is what delivers it. Materials diffuse through the walls, so the walls of the blood vessels are important, esp capillaries. Small arteries Capillaries Small veins

The anatomy of the circulatory system Key Point #4: The circulatory system consists of the heart, blood vessels, and blood. Heart: pumps blood through four chambers Blood Vessels: Arteries: carry oxygenated blood away from heart and to the organs of the body Veins: carry deoxygenated blood to heart and away from organs of the body Capillaries: small, thin blood vessels where diffusion happens Blood: fluids and cells that carry nutrients and gasses Plasma, platelets, red blood cells and white blood cells

Organ spotlight The Heart Blood enters the heart in the left and right atrium Blood exits the heart from the left and right ventricle

Organ spotlight The Heart The right side of the heart transports blood to the lungs to get OXYGEN The left side of the heart transports blood to the body to give OXYGEN to your organs

Class practice You write the following answers down using: C=Circulatory R=Respiratory A=Arteries V=Veins

C= circulatory R=respiratory 1. Carries nutrients to your body

C= circulatory R=respiratory 2. Breathes out CO2

C= circulatory R=respiratory 3. Made up of veins, arteries, and capillaries

C= circulatory R=respiratory 4. Includes your trachea, larynx, and nasal cavity

C= circulatory R=respiratory 5. Exchanges CO2 and Oxygen in alveoli of the lungs

A=arteries V=veins 6. Carries blood away from the heart

A=arteries V=veins 7. Carries oxygenated blood

A=arteries V=veins 8. Carries blood to the heart

A=arteries V=veins 9. Carries deoxygenated blood

A. Heart B. lungs C. trachea 10. Made up of four chambers

A. Heart B. lungs C. trachea 11. Takes air from the mouth to the lungs

A. Heart B. lungs C. trachea 12. Has small sacs where Oxygen is traded for carbon dioxide

Your Resting Heart Rate To take your resting heart rate at the wrist, place your index and middle fingers together on the opposite wrist, about 1/2 inch on the inside of the joint, in line with the index finger.  Feel for a pulse.  When you find a pulse, count the number of beats you feel within a one minute period.  You should always use your fingers to take a pulse, not your thumb, since you can sometimes feel your own pulse through your thumb.

What is a normal resting heart rate? Average adult 70-100 bpm In shape 60-70 bpm Good athlete 50-60 bpm Excellent athlete <50 bpm During exercise, your heart rate will depend on the intensity of exercise, your fitness level, and your maximum heart rate (which will depend on your age). Use this table to help determine your training heart rate level. As you get more fit & exercise, your resting heart rate should decrease. This is due to the heart getting more efficient at pumping blood around the body, so at rest more blood can be pumped around with each beat, therefore less beats per minute are needed.

Michael Phelps’ resting heart rate is in the 30s!!!!!!

Review Oxygen and carbon dioxide are exchanged in the lungs through the respiratory system The circulatory system transports nutrients, gasses, and wastes to where they need to go in the body The circulatory and respiratory system work together to maintain homeostasis in your body by keeping the right balance of gasses in your body