The Holocaust Pg. 72 in your notebook

Warm-Up 1/9/2017 Why did the Japanese attack the U.S. at Pearl Harbor? On what date did they attack? Wildkat Lunch is back on starting today-please see the board for my tutorial availability. *Check out your attendance by the door on your way in or out of class.* ** Your vocabulary quiz over the “ISMs” (pg. 65 in your notebook) has been pushed back to tomorrow.**

Hitler’s Campaign for Racial Purity April 7, 1933- Hitler issues the order that all “non-Aryans” are to be removed from government jobs. Anti-Semitism- hatred of the Jews Hitler finds support in his belief that the Jews were to blame for Germany’s troubles during and after World War I.

Nuremberg Laws 1935- a set of laws were approved that began to strip the Jewish community of their rights and their freedoms. Examples: Marriage Provisions Working Provisions Property Provisions

Kristallnacht November 9-10, 1938- known as the krisallnacht (Night of Broken Glass). Nazi troopers and police attacked Jewish homes, businesses, and synagogues across Germany. Around 100 Jews were killed; approximately 30,000 were arrested and blamed for the destruction.

Kristallnacht

Kristallnacht

The Mass Exodus After the events in November 1938, thousands of Jews across Germany began to flee to other countries for safety. The U.S. accepted around 90,000 to 100,000 refugees. Several American citizens opposed to the Jews coming to America due to the unemployment conditions in the 1930s.

Hitler’s Final Solution 1939- approximately 250,000 Jews remained in Europe. Hitler’s “Final Solution”- a policy of genocide, the deliberate and systematic killing of an entire population (the Jews).

The Targeted Communists Criminals Socialists Liberals Romany/Gypsies Freemasons Jehovah’s Witnesses Jews Homosexuals Mentally ill/ Deficient Physically ill/ Disabled

Badges

Badges Green- Criminals Red- Political Pink- Homosexuals Black/Brown- Roma (Gypsies), Vagrants Purple- Jehovah’s Witnesses Yellow- Jews

Relocation Ghettos- segregated Jewish areas in certain Polish cities. Nazis sealed off the ghettos with barbed wire and stone walls. The “SS”- Nazi death squads that rounded up Jews- men, women, children, and babies and shot them on the spot. Concentration camp- a prison camp operated by Nazis; Jews and other targeted groups were starved while performing slave labor or were murdered while located in the camp.

Ghettos

Concentration Camps

Map of Nazi Camps

Mass Exterminations 1942- Hitler’s top officials meet and agree to implement a third and final step to the “Final Solution.” Death Camps were built in Poland and specifically used to expire the Jews in a faster manner. Gas chambers were the preferred method of the Nazis.

Death Toll Estimates Jews: up to 6 million Soviet civilians: around 7 million (including 1.3 Soviet Jewish civilians, who are included in the 6 million figure for Jews) Soviet prisoners of war: around 3 million (including about 50,000 Jewish soldiers) Non-Jewish Polish civilians: around 1.8 million (including between 50,000 and 100,000 members of the Polish elites) Serb civilians (on the territory of Croatia, Bosnia and Herzegovina): 312,000 People with disabilities living in institutions: up to 250,000 Roma (Gypsies): 196,000–220,000 Jehovah's Witnesses: Around 1,900 Repeat criminal offenders and so-called asocials: at least 70,000 Homosexuals: hundreds, possibly thousands (possibly also counted in part under the 70,000 repeat criminal offenders and so-called asocials noted above)

Death Toll Estimates (by Camps/location) Auschwitz complex (including Birkenau, Monowitz, and subcamps): approximately 1 million Treblinka 2: approximately 925,000 Belzec: 434,508 Sobibor: at least 167,000 Chelmno: 156,000–172,000 Deaths in ghettos: at least 800,000

Concentration Camps

Concentration Camps

Concentration Camps

Short Answer ?’s: What groups did the Nazis deem unfit to belong to the Aryan “master race”? List 4 groups. Why do you think the Nazi system systematic genocide was so brutally effective? List at least two specific examples of how the Nazi regime curtailed/cut back on Jewish citizens rights and freedoms leading up to the establishment of concentration camps and death camps across Europe.