The Protestant Reformation I protest

Causes of the Reformation 100 Years War and Black Death Scientific Advances which contradicted the Cathiolic Church The Corruption within the Catholic Church - selling indulgences – paying $$ for a pardon of sins or reward for good behavior

Catholic Church Hierarchy God Pope Cardinals Archbishops Bishops Priests and Monks Laity – not in the church

The Protestant Reformation began b/c… The Church made Protestants say What was the Protestant Reformation? Protestant = someone who protested the Catholic Church Reformation = when people demand changes The Protestant Reformation began b/c… The Church made Protestants say I MAD

A – Absolute power of & wealth of the Church I – Indulgences: certificates that take away sin (church is selling forgiveness to make $$) M – Merchants: merchants want usury (lending $ and charging interest – Catholic Church says usury is wrong) A – Absolute power of & wealth of the Church D – Domination of Church by Italians (angered Germans and English) In the end the reformers, like Luther, established their own religions The Reformation caused a split in Christianity with the formation of these new Protestant religions

What was the Protestant Reformation? CHRISTIANITY PROTESTANT CATHOLIC

The Reformers Martin Luther John Calvin Henry VIII

F– faith saves people, not good works Martin Luther F– faith saves people, not good works U – Ultimate authority for Christians is the Bible N – Nobody is more important in God’s eyes, all humans are equal before God (no hierarchy)

“The righteous shall by his faith.” ROMANS 1:17 “The righteous shall by his faith.” Luther realized that only faith (in the ultimate goodness of Jesus), not good deeds, could save a person. No good works, rituals, etc. would save a person if they did not believe. Know as: Salvation by faith alone

Luther's 95 Theses A list of things he thought were wrong with the Catholic Church (95 Complaints) He criticized: The Power of the Pope The Extreme Wealth of the Church Indulgences

Luther – Indulgences & 95 Theses

Luther's 95 Theses Gutenberg’s Printing Press made it possible for Luther to spread his beliefs Posted his 95 Theses on Church doors in Germany Gained support from people and criticism from Church

Luther's 95 Theses Luther's 95 Thesis

The first thing printed on Gutenberg’s press was the Bible. This is a picture of a page from one of Gutenberg’s Bibles.

Luther on Trial The Diet of Worms 1520 Pope Leo X ordered Luther to give up his beliefs Luther burned the order and was excommunicated Luther went into hiding where he translated the New Testament into German – spreading his beliefs even further

Pope Leo X (Medici) He was the Pope during the height of the corruption

Luther prepares to burn Pope's orders

Acceptance of Reforms Supported by Northern German Princes who accepted Luther’s ideas ending the authority of the Pope in their states Lutheranism was formed

John Calvin His ideas hit the Church w/a: POW Predestination -God chooses who goes to heaven, you don’t get there by good works Our moral lives will reveal if we’re chosen by God to go to heaven or hell Work ethic, righteous life that honors God

Predestination Calvin believed in: Salvation through Predestination At birth it is decided if you will go to heaven or hell

Purified approach to life: Calvin believed in: Purified approach to life: No drinking, swearing, card playing, gambling etc..

CALVINISM Started in Switzerland – they are known as Calvinists The Origins of Calvinism

Which letter of I MAD probably made Henry mad? King Henry VIII DAD of the Church of England Divorce: Henry wants one but Pope says no. Which letter of I MAD probably made Henry mad? Anglican Church – Henry is in charge – no Pope Did away with Catholic Church’s land & wealth in England

King Henry VIII Began reign as devout Catholic He and his wife (Catherine of Aragon) had a daughter Mary, but no male heir Convinced that Catherine could no longer have children, Henry wanted to divorce Catherine The Pope could annul (set aside) a marriage, but refused to do so Called Parliament into session and asked it to pass laws to end Pope’s power in England and legalize Henry’s divorce

Catherine of Aragon – Mary I 6 Wives of Henry VIII Wife/Children Death Catherine of Aragon – Mary I Divorced Anne Boleyn – Elizabeth I Beheaded Jane Seymour – Edward Died Anne of Cleves – none Catherine Howard – Catherine Parr – none Survived

Henry VIII & his wives…

Henry, Henry, Henry http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3EGzHsye71c

Henry’s Three Kids: Mary, Elizabeth and & Edward Edward ruled for 6 years and then died Mary took over and was Catholic so turned church back over to the Pope Mary dies and……..Elizabeth takes over.

Mary’s husband, King Philip II of Spain (Catholic), was angry & planned attack on England Sent 130 ships, 8,000 sailors, & 19,000 soldiers England defeated the Spanish (under Elizabeth’s rule) Daughter of Henry VII and Anne Boleyn Combined Catholic styles w/Protestant teaching to please both religions Elizabeth I makes Anglican Church the official church of all of Great Britain Elizabeth I

Christianity Protestant Catholic Lutheran Calvinism Puritan Presbyterian Puritan Huguenots