Studyguide Review Chapter 6 lesson 1-3 SS5H1 The student will explain the causes, major events, and consequences of the Civil War.  a. Identify Uncle Tom’s Cabin and John Brown’s raid on Harper’s Ferry, and explain how each of these events was related to the Civil War.  b. Discuss how the issues of states’ rights and slavery increased tensions between the North and South.  c. Identify major battles and campaigns: Fort Sumter, Gettysburg, the Atlanta Campaign, Sherman’s March to the Sea, and Appomattox Court House.  d. Describe the roles of Abraham Lincoln, Robert E. Lee, Ulysses S. Grant, Jefferson Davis, and Thomas “Stonewall” Jackson.  e. Describe the effects of war on the North and South. 

Vocabulary Border States-a slave state that stayed in the Union. (p. 176) Casualties-soldiers who are killed or wounded. (p. 178) Camp-a place where people live for a time in tents, cabins, or other rough shelters. (p. 460) Draft-when the government chooses people who have to serve in the military. (p. 179) Emancipation-the freeing of enslaved people. (p. 180) Home-front-all the people in a country who are not in the military during wartime. (p. 186) Civilian-a person who is not in the military. (p. 186) Telegraph- a machine that sends electric signals over wires. (p. 191) Desert-to leave the army without permission. (p. 192) Total War-the strategy of destroying an enemy's resources. (p. 191)

Why were the following people important in the Civil War, and which side did they support? Abraham Lincoln- 16th President of the United States, leader of the Union. Jefferson Davis- President of the Confederacy. Supported the Confederacy. General Robert E. Lee- General of the Confederate Army. He was a well respected and talented General. Ulysses S. Grant- General of the Union Army. He led the Union to victory. General William T. Sherman- Union General who lead the Atlanta Campaign and the March to the Sea. General Stonewall Jackson- a leading Confederate general during the U.S. Civil War, commanding forces at the Battle of Bull Run and Antietam.

What battles are considered the turning point of the war? The Union winning of the Battle of Gettysburg and Vicksburg were turning points of the Civil War. These wins gave the Union a better chance of winning. (page 180)

Events in order of when they occurred Fort Sumter, 1861 1st Battle of Bull Run, 1861 2nd Battle of Bull Run, 1862 Battle of Antietam, 1862 Gettysburg, 1863 Battle of Vicksburg, 1863 Atlanta Campaign, 1863 Sherman’s March to the Sea, 1864

What were 3 advantages that the union had In the war? North had a greater population. The North had more factories for making weapons and supplies. The North had more railroad lines.

What were 2 advantages the confederacy had to win? The fighting was done in the South which meant they new the land. The South has excellent military leaders such as Robert E. Lee

Union Strategy to Win The navy would block southern seaports so that the Confederacy could not trade with other countries. The navy would also take control of the Mississippi River. At the same time the Union would attack by land the East and West.

The South’s Strategy to Win The South’s strategy was to fight off northern attacks until the Confederacy could survive as a separate nation. South felt that if the Union lost too many battles, the North would give up. The South also hoped for the help from Britain and France.

What was the Emancipation Proclamation? President Lincoln put into effect the Emancipation Proclamation which declared that slaves in the Confederacy were free.

Describe the life of the Soldier. What they eat Describe the life of the Soldier. What they eat? What did they do to fight boredom? Food for soldiers was normally poor. They would eat hard biscuits and dried pork. Soldiers fought in battles but they also had a lot of down time. To fight boredom they would read letters from home, read newspapers and books, sang songs, put on shows, and created newspapers.

How did women help in the war effort? Some women served as nurses in the Civil War. A famous one was Clara Barton who started the Red Cross. Some women were spies. Some women disguised themselves as men and fought in the war. Most women took care of the businesses and farms at home.

Why did General Lee choose to surrender? Lee’s army was struggling because they had no more soldiers or supplies. Many of his soldiers began to desert. When Lee’s army reached the town of Appomattox Court House they were starving and surrounded. He had no choice but to surrender. “There is nothing left for me to do but go and see General Grant.”

What role did the telegraph play in the war? The White House telegraph office enabled President Lincoln to monitor battlefield reports, lead real-time strategy meetings and deliver orders to his men. Here, as well, the Confederate army was at a disadvantage: They lacked the technological and industrial ability to conduct such a large-scale communication campaign.