Creativity: Method or Magic? Harnad, Stevan (2007) Creativity: Method or Magic? In: H. Cohen and B. Stemmer (eds.) Consciousness and Cognition: Fragments.

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Creativity: Method or Magic? Harnad, Stevan (2007) Creativity: Method or Magic? In: H. Cohen and B. Stemmer (eds.) Consciousness and Cognition: Fragments of Mind and Brain Amsterdam: Elsevier

What is creativity? A trait? A state? An outcome? How? rules? training?

Lightning bolts (happy accidents?)

Objective Tests?

Whats new? Originality Novelty Innovation Chimera

Value

Artistic creativity vs. Intellectual creativity Practical criteria Aesthetic criteria

Algorithms and the unexpected

Dans les champs de l'observation le hasard ne favorise que les esprits préparés (Chance favors the prepared mind) Serendipity and Pasteurization

Training? Pòlya

Uncreative? Problem solving Deduction Induction Learning Imitation Trial-and-error Heuristics Abduction

13 Theories of creativity method, memory, magic, mutation The Unconscious mind Innate structure (abduction) Analogy (imitation) Preparation (learning) Imitation Intuition, aesthetic factors Anomalies Constraints (Stravinsky) Serendipity (game of chance) Mental analogs Heuristic stratgeies Improvisation (performance, interpretation) Complementarity (collaboration, cumulativity Stravinsky Koestler Lakatos Polànyi Csikszentmihalyi

Trait or state?

Combinatory game of chance? J. Hadamard

Dans les champs de l'observation le hasard ne favorise que les esprits préparés (Chance favors the prepared mind) Serendipity and Pasteurization

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