1. Cognition Thoughts, Beliefs, and Attitudes

2. Moving from thoughts to behavior Concepts Propositions Behavior Mental Models

3. Active manipulation of…. 1. Concepts - logical: well-defined characteristics --- No exceptions - natural: “fuzzy” based on prototypes( e.g. color, and musical taste) 2. Propositions - relational statements that connect concepts 3. Images - We create and navigate mental images in our minds. - We have tendency to create mental models to represent our environment

4. Reasoning Drawing inferences Summarize propositions in a useful way Create a new ideas

5. Remember “Know” vs. “Go” Reasoning ability is influenced by: 1.emotional & mood state 2.our own beliefs 3.context of the situation

6. Decision Making Heuristics: mental short cuts based on past experiences. oAvailability: judgment about the frequency of an event. oRepresentative : using prototypes to categorize (e.g. Gambler’s Fallacy, stereotypes) oAnchoring & Adjustment: basing the outcome of a decision on a given starting value.

7. Framing ….When are we risky? Risk Aversive: –When we stand to gain. Risk Prone: –When our situation is framed in terms of losses.

8. Problem Solving Strategies Trial & Error –Use of subgoals Algorithm –Systematic –Guarantees a solution Analogy –Tried and True 1. 3. 4.2.

9. Things that get in the way… Mental Set Functional Fixedness