Public Transport combined with Car Sharing – a better alternative Annette Kayser Project Manager, M.Sc. City of Copenhagen

The Challenges Space and capacity are limited resources Cars are not space efficient, not when they drive and especially not when they park – and cars give challenges with pollution, noise and CO2-emissions But – we live in a car based society And sometimes a car is the best solution for your trip

Sometimes public transport users and cyclists need a car Car Sharing can be the missing link for non-car owners Connection and easy access to car sharing for public transport users – can it work better? The Idea To provide a stronger and more flexible alternative to private cars

Some experiences about car sharing Each shared car replaces 5-10 private cars members per car Around 40 % of the members would by a private car if no car sharing (Bremen + Cph) Around % of the members have sold their car (Bremen + Cph) Mobility patterns: Members reduce car driving by % and they use of other means of transport more e.g. in Brussels 26 % uses more public transport, 20 % more cycling and 30 % walk more

Danish car sharing members Higher education and higher income than people both with or without private car The biggest group – 47 % - is couples with children Typical age is years They live closer to public transport (stations) They bike 3½ times as much as private car owners and use public transport almost 4 times as much.

Potential The number of members is quite low in Denmark Share of population who are members of car sharing Germany North America Denmark

The demonstration project – a partnership Project partners: The Capital Region (lead partner) Movia – the bus transport company Copenhagen Electric – a regional company LetsGo – a car sharing club Municipalities – Copenhagen, Ballerup, Herlev, Taarnby and Dragør Supported by Ministry of Transport (Trafikstyrelsen) Technical University of Denmark (DTU) to do the evaluation

Concept Support combination of public transport and car sharing along a busy busline running through five municipalities. Initiatives:  Special offer for Mobility Pass to be used for both public transport and the car sharing cars  Increase number of car sharing cars along the busline  Awareness raising activities

Goals persons to use offer for mobility pass Car sharing established in all municipalities (only existed in Copenhagen) At least 10 new car sharings cars, 3 of them to be electric Persons who use the offer increase their use of public transport by 15 %

Design of Mobility Pass 10 The mobility pass must link public transport and car sharing together Based on the public transport pass (Rejsekortet). Monthly passes can also be used Incentive to join as car sharing member is to save the membership fee of approx. 130 €

Awareness raising activities 11 Based on interviews with focus groups and collection of international experiences Focus groups – some learnings: Knowledge about car sharing, but very different understanding of what it is When explained – car sharing is not really know but they like the concept Campaigns and activities carried out in three phases: 1.Smaller test of campaign in May-June Main campaign period in August-November Supplementary campaign in December 2014-April 2015

Examples of what was done 12 Events in all municipalities – mentioned in local papers and the local radio channel

13 Advertising signs in busses Posters in busses Small movie at information screens in busses, at hospitals and at citizen servicecentres The aim was to address trips where public transport could be a challenge

14 Leaflets to hand out Letter to companies

15 Advertisements at several sites e.g. different news sites, facebook, travel info, Krak etc. – in all 5 mio. “views” Click rate was 0,16 % - which should be ok for a message like this About went to the campaign website Web campaign and website

16 Handing out folders and talking to people Special focus on the electrical cars in Copenhagen Hosts at bus stops

17 Letter to housing associations and companies within 500 meters from the cars Dialogues with inhabitants in local streets in Copenhagen. Special focus on electrical cars Local activities

18 Knowledge Approx visits at the campaign site (in period of 10 months) A decision about becoming car sharing member can take from 1 month to a year or even more New members 952 accepted the offer 831 have signed up for membership = 30 % increase in car sharing members in Copenhagen 85 % of the new members live in Copenhagen Main outcome

19 30 new cars in the municipalities: Ballerup1 Herlev1 Taarnby1, maybe 2 Dragør2 Copenhagen25 - including 5 electrical cars Number of Car Sharing Cars

20 Method Before questionnaire to all participants who joined After questionnaire to all participants who answered the first one 263 usable answers – with membership between 10 months and under 1 month! Evaluation of mobility habits

HabitsParticipants use car a bit more and bike a bit less. But almost not changed habits Car ownership Only 7 % own a car when they join. For all car sharing members car ownership is 55 % Few – 2,3 % - of the participants sell their car. Almost as many – 1,9% - buy a car = approx. zero change The general car ownership in the period increase 1,8 % Participants who consider not to buy a car goes up from 62 % before to 64 % after Evaluation of mobility habits

Annette Kayser