Gender Equality in Just Transition 1 GENDER EQUALITY

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Our AGENDA Text – Text 3

4 Our OBJECTIVES Understand the concepts of: gender vs. sex; gender roles; gender equality; gender mainstreaming. INTRODUCTION Critically analyze the current gender model from the social, economic and environmental point of view; CURRENT MODEL Deepen the gender implications of the transition in terms of 1) green and decent jobs; 2) social protection; 3) participation. STRATEGIES FOR JUST TRANSITION FOR WOMEN Formulate concrete policies to promote women's empowerment through the transition (also as potential part of your final Action Plan). CONCLUSION

Text – Text 5 AGENDA: STEP 1

6 SEX / GENDER SEX: BIOLOGICAL DIFFERENCE between male and female on the basis of their reproductive functions STEP 1. INTRODUCTION GENDER: SOCIAL AND CULTURAL DIFFERENCES attributed to male and female /

7 GENDER ROLES PUBLIC SPHERE PRIVATE SPHERE PRODUCTIVE WORK REPRODUCTIVE WORK RECOGNIZED and REMUNERATED NOT RECOGNIZED and NOT REMUNERATED ACCESS to OPPORTUNITIES and CAPITAL less ACCESS to OPPORTUNITIES and CAPITAL SELF-DETERMINATION/ SOCIAL INCLUSION DEPENDENCE/POVERTY/ SOCIAL EXCLUSION / STEP 1. INTRODUCTION

8 GENDER EQUALITY FORMAL EQUALITY: assuring that women and men have the SAME STARTING POINT IN SOCIETY / SUBSTANTIAL EQUALITY: assuring that women and men have the RUN THE SAME DISTANCE to achieve social inclusion and opportunities STEP 1. INTRODUCTION

9 GENDER MAINSTREAMING STEP 1. INTRODUCTION

10 Gender Mainstreaming in JUST TRANSITION? 1. WHERE ARE WOMEN AND MEN? 2. WHERE CAN WOMEN AND MEN BE? STEP 1. INTRODUCTION

AGENDA: STEP WHERE ARE WOMEN AND MEN?

12 Is the current model GENDER-EQUAL? STEP 2. CURRENT MODEL

13 STEP 2. CURRENT MODEL A) SOCIALLY: think of SOCIAL PROTECTION DEPENDENCE/POVERT Y/SOCIAL EXCLUSION SELF-DETERMINATION/ SOCIAL INCLUSION LOWER SOCIAL PROTECTION COVERAGE ( LOWER SOCIAL PROTECTION COVERAGE (both at the level of Social Protection Floor and at the level of contributive system) Lower pensions Lower access to essential services (health, education, housing, water…) Lower income security Lower protection of occupational safety and health Lower unemployment benefits Lower maternity protection

14 STEP 2. CURRENT MODEL B) ECONOMICALLY: think of EMPLOYMENT SEXUAL DIVISION OF WORK Gender Pay-Gap Gender Pay-Gap Labour Segregation PRODUCTIVE WORKREPRODUCTIVE WORK EMPLOYMENTDISCRIMINATIONEMPLOYMENTDISCRIMINATION Double burden Lower contribution to Social Protection Lower carrier opportunities Lower Employment Rate Higher unemployment rate Less and worse green jobs opportunities

15 STEP 2. CURRENT MODEL ENVIRONMENTALLY: think of CLIMATE CHANGE HIGHER VULNERABILITY facing CLIMATE CHANGE HIGHER VULNERABILITY facing CLIMATE CHANGE Lower resistance to economic and environmental distress. high participation of women in agriculture in many developing countries Higher dependence on natural resources Less access to land, credit, agricultural inputs, decision-making bodies, technology and training services less ACCESS to OPPORTUNITIES and CAPITAL ACCESS to OPPORTUNITIES and CAPITAL Lower Social Protection Employment higher vulnerability (i.e. agriculture) Role in nature resource management at risk More severe impact on their livelihoods

16 Is the current model GENDER-EQUAL? STEP 2. CURRENT MODEL

AGENDA: STEP 3 Text – Text WHERE CAN WOMEN AND MEN BE?

18 MAKING TRANSITION “JUST” FOR WOMEN: 3 STRATEGIES STEP 3. STRATEGIES FOR CHANGE GREEN AND DECENT JOBS SOCIAL PROTECTION PARTICIPATION

19 GREEN AND DECENT JOBS for WOMEN (TODAY) STEP 3. STRATEGIES FOR CHANGE Primary Sector: 2% in developed countries (large scale mechanized agriculture) to 60% in some African and Asian Countries BUT mainly informal and marginalized) -Secondary Sector: where the majority of green jobs are expected to be created (construction, manufacturing, energy). Women are estimated to have less than 25% of world manufacturing jobs (mass production lines/EPZ) -Tertiary Sector: more than 50% of the women are providing services in social and administrative work (while men in business, finance, engineering)

20 GREEN AND DECENT JOBS for WOMEN (TOMORROW) EMPLOYEDRECRUITEDTRAINED PAID EQUITABLIY ORGANIZED STEP 3. STRATEGIES FOR CHANGE

21 HORIZONTAL EXTENSION VERTICAL EXTENSION BENEFITS FORESEEN BY ILO C. 102 ACCESS TO ESSENTIAL SERVICES WORK- FAMILY CONCILIATI ON POLICIES SOCIAL TRANSFERS for INCOME SECURITY EXTENSION OF SOCIAL PROTECTION FOR WOMEN STEP 3. STRATEGIES FOR CHANGE

Promote women’s membership in workers’ and employers’ organizations and coverage by collective agreement, in particular in new green sectors; Increase public participation of under-represented groups (such as indigenous women, migrant and rural women workers whose jobs and incomes directly rely on natural resources); Rio Declaration, principle 10: – Assure access to information concerning the environment that is held by public authorities; – Assure effective access to judicial and administrative proceedings, including redress and remedy. 22 WOMEN’S PARTICIPATION IN DECISION-MAKING PROCESSES STEP 3. STRATEGIES FOR CHANGE

AGENDA: STEP 4 Text – Text 23

24 STEP 4. CONCLUSION YOUR CONCLUSIONS? USEFU L? FEASIBLE ? CLEAR? And now what?

V 25 Comments and suggestions welcomed!! GIULIA MASSOBRIO