1. Gender sensitization

2. Multimedia Training Kit, www.itrainonline.org
Overview of session
Why a gender approach?
Overview of key concepts
Gender development approaches
Women’s empowerment cycle
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3. Why a gendered approach?
Human rights issue
Efficient use of resources
Poverty alleviation
Equity issue
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4. Core concepts and approaches to gender analysis
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5. Multimedia Training Kit, www.itrainonline.org
Key concepts
Gender equality
Gender analysis
Gender roles – sex vs. gender
Practical versus strategic
(Women’s) empowerment
Gender mainstreaming
5/15/2019
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6. Multimedia Training Kit, www.itrainonline.org
Sex...
Refers to biological differences between males and females
For women, refers to the ability to bear and suckle babies
For men, refers to ability to impregnate women
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7. Multimedia Training Kit, www.itrainonline.org
Gender roles
Reproductive
Productive
Community management
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8. Gender as a social construct
“One is not born, but rather becomes, a woman. No biological, physiological or economic fate determines the figure that the human being presents in society: it is civilization as a whole that produces this indeterminate … which is described as feminine.”
(Simone de Beauvoir, 1972)
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9. Multimedia Training Kit, www.itrainonline.org
Gender equality
Can be defined variously:
equality under the law
equality of opportunity
equality of voice
not necessarily equality of outcomes
5/15/2019
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10. Multimedia Training Kit, www.itrainonline.org
Women’s empowerment
Access to resources
Participation in decision-making
Achieving control and power
Voice in governing bodies
Empowerment entails process of change
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11. Multimedia Training Kit, www.itrainonline.org
Gender analysis (1)
Critical examination of a situation or policy to understand its impacts on women and men
Provides information to determine the most effective strategies to support gender equality
5/15/2019
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12. Multimedia Training Kit, www.itrainonline.org
Gender analysis (2)
Who benefits from the policy?
Is the existing gender division challenged?
Do opportunities for change exist?
How can they best be used?
What is the long-term impact on women’s empowerment?
5/15/2019
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13. Gender Analysis in ICT (3)
Gender analysis in evaluation: systematic assessment of impacts of project activities on women and men.
Gender analysis within an ICT context: power relations involving class, race, ethnicity, age, and geographic location interact with gender to produce complex inequalities relating to social change in general, and changes brought on by ICTs in particular.
Disaggregating data by sex, analysing the sexual division of labour, and understanding the gender disparities of access to and control over resources
5/15/2019
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14. Practical versus strategic
Practical needs e.g. shelter, employment, food
Strategic gender interests
Social and institutional discrimination against women
Existing social systems challenged
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15. Gendered approaches to development
Women in Development (WID)
Gender and Development (GAD)
Gender mainstreaming
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16. Women in Development - WID
Planners and development workers concentration on WID issues arose from the understanding that women’s contributions and development needs were being ignored and that their failure to account for women’s needs and possible contributions led to the failure of many development projects.
The conceptualisation of development projects therefore frequently only involved women as participant and beneficiaries.
“Integrationist” approach
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17. Gender and Development - GAD
Focus shifted from women as a group, to ‘socially determined’ relation between men and women.
GAD focuses on social, economic, political and cultural forces that determine how men and women might participate in, benefit from and control project resources and activities differently.
“Agenda setting” or transformative approach
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18. Gender mainstreaming (1)
“Taking account of gender concerns in policy, programme, administrative and financial activities, and in organisational procedures, thereby contributing to a profound organisational transformation” (UNDP definition)
“Mainstreaming a gender perspective is the process of assessing the implications for women and men of any planned action, including legislation, policies or program in any area and at all levels” (ECOSOC, definition)
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19. Gender Mainstreaming (2)
We are mainstreaming:
legitimacy of gender equality as a fundamental value
gender equality as a societal issue, not just for women
gender equity pursued from the centre rather than the margins
gender equality goals influence mainstream economic and social policies
women and men able to influence the agenda and basic priorities
collective efforts by women to redefine the development agenda
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20. Longwe’s “Women’s empowerment cycle”
Control
Mobilisation
Welfare
Conscientisation
Access
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21. Multimedia Training Kit, www.itrainonline.org
Gender sensitization
5/15/2019
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