Early British Colonies Ch. 1.3 The English Established colonies along the eastern seaboard of North America (early 1600s)
John Smith England – Soldier, explorer and author Virginia Colony Est.. In present-day Virginia (up the Chesapeake Bay) Capt. Smith headed the co. to est. Jamestown Disease from contaminated river water and hunger nearly destroyed the settlement
Indentured servant Came to the colonies to work Paid for passage, food and shelter by committing years for servitude (working for a landowner) Important = needed to build and make stable these settlements Therefore, the English were successful in est. permanent colonies
Puritans (Pilgrims) A Protestant denomination of Christianity To “purify” the Church of England of Catholic control and rituals These “”Separatists” wanted to break from the Church of England. Wanted away from political repression and a bad economy. Founded the Plymouth Colony (2 nd permanent English colony in No. America) Mayflower Compact = landmark of American democracy (right to vote for all males of the Puritan church)
Three Christian Sects. Christianity Eastern OrthodoxRoman CatholicProtestant LutheranPresbyterian Church of England (Anglican/Episcopalian) Baptist Church of the Latter Day Saints (Mormons) Methodist Church of GodEvangelical
John Winthrop 1630 Puritans est. the Massachusetts Bay Colony. Port town of Boston = the colony’s capital Winthrop helped est. a colony governed by limited democratic principles (didn’t set out to do so). All adult males had voting rights (40% of the population Still, very much within the confines of their Christian (Protestant) faith.
William. Penn Est. the Pennsylvania colony after the English took control of “New Netherlands” from the Dutch King Charles II gave it to Penn as payment for debt owned. Penn also est. Delaware from the Duke of York
Quakers Society of Friends or “Quakers” Services w/o formal ministers Allowed any person to speak Anglicans & Puritans spoke out against the Quakers and the radical views Helped est. the American ideal of equality, cooperation and religious toleration.
Navigation Acts By the 1700s, lots of money was being made in these colonies Europeans were competing for control over mercantilism (obtaining gold & silver and est. a balance of trade that favored your country. English Parliament tightened control of colonial trade Helped England gain economic superiority 1.No country could trade w/ colonies except if goods were shipped in either colonial or Eng. ships 2.All vassals = 2/3 operated by English/colonists 3.Colonists could only export to England 4.All goods shipped from colonies to other countries had to go though English ports
ColonyWho came?Why did they come? What problems did they face? How did they solve these problems? Jamestown Massachusetts New Netherland Pennsylvania
The Early British Colonies
The Thirteen Colonies to the 1700s