1. All Protists are _________________? 2. All Protists like other living things need to_____? 3. Protists have two ways to reproduce. Describe them. 4. Paramecium have two unique characteristics. What are they? 5. Euglena have four unique characteristics. What are they?

6. Amoebas use their pseudopodia for two functions. Describe them and what does pseudopodia mean? 7. The World’s most important producer is? 8. Free floating algae called _______________? It is a large source of ____ for other organisms and _____ for humans. 9. There are three types of algae. What are they and list two characteristics of each. 10. Malaria is a Protist caused disease. Describe its 5 steps of its life cycle and what organism passes (called a vector) it on to humans

Most living organisms fit neatly into one of 4 kingdoms (Anamalia, Plantae, Fungi, or Bacteria). Those organisms that do not fit into these 4 kingdoms get placed into PROTISTIA. Protists are very diverse and have few traits in common. Like all living things they reproduce and all Protists are Eukaryotic (have a nucleus).

All belong to the Kingdom of Protista Most all Protist are single celled Some produce their own food Others “eat” their food Some can move themselves place to place All are eukarotic (has a nucleus)

Most are less complex than other eukaryotes Protist do not have specialized tissues Most are microscopic (some grow to 60m [kelp] ) Most Protist live in a cool, moist environment

Some make their food for energy Some eat their food for energy Some can make and eat food for energy Producers make their food by photosynthesis Heterotrophs cannot make their food they must eat other organisms for survival Decomposers get food by breaking down dead organic matter

Parasites invade other organisms to get the nutrients they need. Parasites cause harm to their host. A host is the organism a parasite invades.

Mutualism is where two organisms benefit from their relationship with each other. Example small fish that cleans sharks skin and is protected from predators. Some plants have a fungus grow on their roots where the plant gets nitrogen and the fungus gets nutrients and water.

Commensalism is a relationship between two organisms where one benefits and the other neither benefits or is harmed. Example egrets sitting on the back of horses or water buffalo. Clown fish living amongst sea anemones.

Asexually Reproduction– without sex Binary Fission-single cell divides into two cells Multiple Fission- single cell divides into more than two offspring Sexual Reproduction-requires two parents Conjugation- two organisms join to exchange genetic material using a small second nucleus Sexual/Asexual- some Protists use both methods

Caused by the Protist Plasmodium Vivax and it reproduces in several steps. Mosquito (Anopheles) bites human for blood Injects Plasmodium Vivax into the bloodstream It moves to the liver and reproduces there It moves into the red blood cells( burst in 48hrs) Contaminates blood with more plasmodium Mosquito bites human starts cycle again Treatment with Quinine from the Cinchona tree

Caused by the Protist Plasmodium Vivax and it reproduces in several steps. Mosquito (Anopheles) bites human for blood Injects Plasmodium Vivax into the bloodstream It moves to the liver and reproduces there It moves into the red blood cells( burst in 48hrs) Contaminates blood with more plasmodium Mosquito bites human starts cycle again Treatment with Quinine from the Cinchona tree

Amoebic Dysentery- Contaminated water and food. Giardiasis- contaminated water Sleeping Sickness- Bite of tsetse fly Chagas Disease- bite infected from kissing bug Toxopasmosis- infected cat feces Late Blight- spores from infected plant to healthy plants.

Algae- have chlorophyll and use the sunlight to make energy. Almost all algae live in the water. Free floating algae are called PHYTOPLANKTON. They provide most of the Earth’s oxygen and food for many other species of organisms. They are microscopic.

 Red Algae- live in tropical oceans and are usually less than 1 meter in length. They contain chlorophyll but a red pigment allows them to absorb sunlight up to 260 meters below the surface.

 Green Algae- Green pigment gives them their color. Can grow up to 8 meters in length. Most live in water or moist soil. Volvox is an example.

 Brown Algae- Most of the sea weed found in cool climates are brown algae. Can grow as much as 60 meters in length. Kelp is and example. Used as food for humans and cattle. Can grow 1 foot per day.

 Diatoms  Dinolagellates  Zooflagelates  Cilliates  Water molds  Slime molds