Introduction to the Skeletal & Muscular Systems by: Mrs. Hobbs

Getter Done The skeletal systems functions are: ◦ Protection/support ◦ Movement ◦ make red blood cells ◦ Storage; can store minerals to be used by the body later and fat that can be used for energy

Parts is Parts! There are two “parts” to this system The axial Has 80 bones; found in the upper body ◦ Skull ◦ Thorax (made up of the sternum and ribs) ◦ Vertebral column The Appendicular Has 126 bones; in lower body and limbs ◦ Arms/legs ◦ Pelvic bone ◦ Lower spine

Remember me… You will need to have these 16 bones. ◦ Use can use your notes to study for the quiz on JANUARY 8 th ! Spelling counts ◦ Ready? Cranium Mandible Scapula Clavicle Sternum Ribcage Humerus Vertebral Column Radius Ulna Coxal Femur Tibia Fibula Patella Phalanges

What’s your type? ◦ Long bone: Is longer than it is wide, with growth plates at either end. Examples: Femur, Radius, Tibia, Phalanges ◦ Short bone: As wide as they are long & have a primary function of providing support and stability Examples: Carpals, Tarsals There are 4 main types of bone in the human body.

What’s your type? ◦ Flat bone: strong, flat plates of bone with the main function of providing protection to the bodies vital organs and being a base for muscular attachment. Example: Cranium, Sternum, Rib, Scapula ◦ Irregular bone: bones in the body which do not fall into any other category, due to their non- uniform shape. Example: Mandible, Vertebrae There are 4 main types of bone in the human body.

JOINTED TOGETHER There are six types of joints in the human body. Fission joints- Allow little or no movement Pivot joints- one bone is stationary, another rotates around it glide joints- two separate moving bones meet Hinge joint- movement in 1 direction, like a hinge Ball & Socket joints- bones can swing in almost any direction Saddle joint-One bone is convex, the other concave; allows for movement in two directions.

BODY JOINTS

WHICH IS WHICH? Which joint type are they missing?

Build your understanding Bozeman Science Skeletal System

MUSCULAR SYSTEM! Day 2

Every System Needs a System… What do muscles do? ◦ Allow for locomotion  Muscles move bones using tendons and ligaments ◦ Moves substance throughout the body  Esophagus- digestive system  Bladder – urinary system  Heart – cardiovascular system ◦

Is a muscle just a muscle? There are 3 types of muscle.

Putting the Two Together Muscles are “bound” to the skeleton with a special connective tissue called_________. Bones are attached to other bones with a special connective tissue called _________. tendons Ligaments

Need a Few Good Muscles. Muscle are grouped 2 ways: muscles you can control by thinking about them. Arms Abs Back & so on… Involuntary Muscles that work without me thinking about them. Heart Diaphragm Stomach & so on Voluntary

Partner up! Skeletal Muscles work in pairs. ◦ One muscle must contract (get smaller) ◦ while the other muscle lengthens (gets longer)

Everybody Flex now! Flexor ◦ These muscles are what bend the joints. They “pull” the joint into a bent position. Extensor ◦ muscles that straighten the joint. Voluntary muscles are further classified as either a: