1. Skeletal System

2. Cranium
Sternum
Clavicle
Scapula
Humerus
Ribs
Pelvis
Vertebra
Radius
Ulna (U=Underneath)
Carpals
Metacarpals
Femur
Phalanges
Patella
Fibula
Tibia
T=Thick
Tarsals
Metatarsals
Phalanges

3. Functions of the Skeleton

4. Support
The skeleton supports the body in a variety of positions. The bones and skeletal system give the body shape and acts as a framework.
Examples:
The bones of the legs support the body.
The vertebrae support the head.

5. Movement
The skeleton is jointed to allow us to move when the muscles attached to them contract. Where bones meet they form joints, which act as levers.
Example:
The bones and joints work with muscles to enable us to walk, jog and sprint.
The vertebrae allow us to bend, stretch and rotate our body.

6. Protection
The hard nature of bone means that the skeleton can protect the more delicate parts of the body.
Examples:
The cranium (skull) protects the soft tissue of the brain.
The rib cage protects the delicate heart, lungs and other vital organs.

7. Blood Cell Production
Red and white blood cells are made in red bone marrow which is found at the ends of the femur and humerus
Red Bone Marrow

8. Function of Skeleton
Explanation
Importance in sport
Movement
Shape / Support
Protection

9. Function of Skeleton
Explanation
Importance in sport
Movement
Muscle attachment to Bones
Action when playing a shot needs movement
Shape / Support
Provides a rigid framework to hold the player upright
Allows the player to hold the body upright
Protection
Bones protect vital organs
Skull protects brain from a blow to the head

10. Types of Bones There are 4 main types of bones in the human body.
Each type has a different size and shape because they have different jobs to do:
Long Bones – These are long and affect our overall height, e.g. the legs & arms (femur & humerus).
Short Bones – These are smaller and are often found with many others, e.g. the feet & hands (phalanges).
Flat Bones – These are flat and are often found forming a protective surface, e.g. the skull (cranium) and pelvis.
Irregular Bones – These are irregular in shape and have a specific function, e.g. the bones of the spine (vertebral column).

11. Types of Synovial Joints
HINGE joint
Movement in only one plane
Knee/elbow
BALL AND SOCKET
3 planes of motion involving a
concave surface
Hip joint/ Shoulder joint
PIVOT Joint
Turning movement about
one long central axis
Neck - atlas/axis

12. Task Draw a synovial joint in action in a sport of your choice.
e.g. a footballer kicking a ball – focus on knee. Fully label the parts of the joint and state how it allows the movement.