World War II Unit 5 RMS IB Ms. Hunt

Rise of Dictators Many democratic nations of Europe turned to dictatorships Causes – Economic Chaos- Great Depression, Inflation from WWI – Upset over World War I – Peace Settlements Nations turned to 1 strong leader to guide the nation through troubled times- Totalitarian State – Nationalism strong, little personal freedoms

Theories of Government- Socialism Definition- The means of production are controlled by the workers and all things are shared evenly. Goal- Government provides all materials, all citizens own the materials, and no one is left in need Main Belief- If there is no money and all people have what they need, fighting would end. Key Principles – One party = One government – Secret police to maintain order – Everything is shared – No social classes

Vladimir Lenin Founder of the Bolshevik Party- “Peace, Land, Bread” Became a Marxist follower in college and led the way for Marxism in Russia – No capitalism, economic equality among the people Took over the Russian government in November of 1917 by capturing the Czar and the royal family. Civil War covered the country for years until Lenin and the Communist fully controlled Russia

Joseph Stalin Lenin died in 1924, leaving leadership open Stalin took control of the Soviet Union in the late 1920’s Wished to make the Soviet Union an industrial power – Created the Five Year Plan (create an industrial nation completely controlled by the government = collectivization) – Provided new technology but did not teach the people how to use them Result- decrease in food production!

Theories of Government- Fascism Definition- form of totalitarianism in nations which have industrialized. Goal- Government controls economy but allows for private ownership – DIFFERENT FROM COMMUNISM- No private ownership! Main Belief- Create a strong government and economy through control Key Principles – One leader, One party, One state – Secret police/ Censorship – Nationalism! – Militarism and Imperialism

Benito Mussolini Background- came from a middle class family, hated all organizations of religion, government, and social classes Formed the Fascist Party- after WWI – Extreme Nationalists who wished to bring back Italy to the glory of the Roman Empire created 1 party dictatorship over Italy – Very popular because he fixed the economy, re- established order, and encouraged nationalism

Hideko Tojo Japan was ruled by a Monarchy prior to WWI Military became more powerful than the government – Used military to grow economy through invasions Emperor = figure head of government Real power resided in most powerful military leader Tojo

Adolf Hitler Member of the German army during WWI. – Was recovering in a hospital when Germany surrendered- very upset by WWI’s end Blamed Jewish government leaders for the loss of WWI, felt they “stabbed Germany in the back” Joined Nazi party in 1919, became leader in 1921 Characteristics of Nazi Party – Violent Nationalism – Anti-Semetic (hatred of Jewish people and culture) – Extreme hatred of communism – Extreme hatred of German Republic – Armed “thugs”

The Nazi State and Hitler’s Employment Policy Activity- The Hitler State 1. Read through the document. 2. Create a 4 sentence summary of “The Hitler State”. 3. Complete the following questions in complete sentences: – How did Hitler and the Nazi’s control people? – Why was it so difficult to resist Hitler? – Why do you think Germans “snooped on each other”? Activity- How did Hitler tackle unemployment? 1. Read through the document. 2. Create a 4 sentence summary of Hitler’s policies/ actions in ending unemployment. 3. Complete the following questions in complete sentences: – How is the information biased? – Why do you think Germans like Hitler’s economic policies?

Fascist Quiz results 0-20: liberal thinker, believe as U.S. forefathers in personal freedom and liberty. Fascist: a leftist who poses an immediate risk! 21-40: open minded, believe the rights of an individual are more important than the state. Fascist: the government should keep an eye on you! 41-60: like majority of Western society. Respect individual rights /personal freedoms Fascist: wishy-washy, no real conviction, propaganda you may be swayed to go along with majority in supporting the state : Democracy is OK. Feel freedom has been push around, you are worried about your country’s future. Fascist: They Love You!!