Assistive Technology in the Classroom, 2nd Edition Dell, © 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved. Chapter 3 Assistive Technology to Support Reading This multimedia product and its contents are protected under copyright law. The following are prohibited by law: any public performance or display, including transmission of any image over a network; preparation of any derivative work, including the extraction, in whole or in part, of any images; any rental, lease, or lending of the program.

3-2 Assistive Technology in the Classroom, 2nd Edition Dell, © 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved. National Reading Panel There are five areas of reading instruction that are essential for children to learn to read: 1.Phonemic awareness 2.Phonics 3.Fluency 4.Comprehension 5.Vocabulary

3-3 Assistive Technology in the Classroom, 2nd Edition Dell, © 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved. Reading Problems in Students with Disabilities decoding reading comprehension focusing on the text

3-4 Assistive Technology in the Classroom, 2nd Edition Dell, © 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved. Learning to Read Computer activities that are effective remediation tools are: Systematic Repetitive Engaging Individualized

3-5 Assistive Technology in the Classroom, 2nd Edition Dell, © 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved. Phonemic Awareness and Phonics Good software: Provides visual displays and sounds to highlight patterns and to engage students Slows down, exaggerates, and alters sounds to make sound patterns easier to recognize.

3-6 Assistive Technology in the Classroom, 2nd Edition Dell, © 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved. Fluency Computer provides opportunity for students to practice reading aloud. Raz-Kids Read Naturally Software Edition Reading Assistant Start-to-Finish

3-7 Assistive Technology in the Classroom, 2nd Edition Dell, © 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved. Vocabulary Students need multiple exposures to the vocabulary words in rich contexts ClozePro v.2 Clicker 5 Imagery provided courtesy of Crick Software. Used with permission.

3-8 Assistive Technology in the Classroom, 2nd Edition Dell, © 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved. Reading Comprehension Good software will: Manipulate text Read text aloud Provide a range of supports Maintain records of performance

3-9 Assistive Technology in the Classroom, 2nd Edition Dell, © 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved. Thinking Reader (Tom Snyder) Students can listen to the story being read Read along with the visual display Observe on-screen characters modeling comprehension strategies Quickly access definitions of unknown words Practice using the strategies Both Remediation and Compensation Tool

3-10 Assistive Technology in the Classroom, 2nd Edition Dell, © 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved. Text of a Thinking Reader Book Source: Reprinted with permission from Tom Snyder Productions

3-11 Assistive Technology in the Classroom, 2nd Edition Dell, © 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved. Thinking Reader Strategy Help Screen Source: Reprinted with permission from Tom Snyder Productions

3-12 Assistive Technology in the Classroom, 2nd Edition Dell, © 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved. Motivation is just a click away! Teachers can find all kinds of reading material on the internet that is interesting to the student Books Articles Newspaper stories Websites Discussion boards Blogs

3-13 Assistive Technology in the Classroom, 2nd Edition Dell, © 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved. Reading to Learn New demands begin in fourth grade Students need to understand what they are reading to be successful.

3-14 Assistive Technology in the Classroom, 2nd Edition Dell, © 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved. What to Read

3-15 Assistive Technology in the Classroom, 2nd Edition Dell, © 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved. Students with a variety of disabilities and learning styles may benefit from reading supports. LD or Dyslexic ADHD or ADD Cognitive impairments Auditory learners Blind or low vision Poor vision - field cuts, etc. Students considered “at risk”

3-16 Assistive Technology in the Classroom, 2nd Edition Dell, © 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved. Accessible Instructional Materials: 2004 Reauthorization of IDEA States and LEAs must ensure that “accessible instructional materials” are provided to students with print disabilities in a timely manner. Print disability: unable to gain information from printed materials needs a specialized format

3-17 Assistive Technology in the Classroom, 2nd Edition Dell, © 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved. Alternate Formats e-Text DAISY PDF Files MP3 Large Print BRF (Braille Format)

3-18 Assistive Technology in the Classroom, 2nd Edition Dell, © 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved. e-Text Unrestricted access if out of copyright (in public domain or older than 70 years) Restricted access or fee based if copyright RFB&D Bookshare.org National Instructional Materials Access Center (NIMAC) for NIMAS source files

3-19 Assistive Technology in the Classroom, 2nd Edition Dell, © 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved. NIMAC & NIMAS National Instructional Materials Access Center (NIMAC) National repository of National Instructional Materials Accessibility Standard (NIMAS) source files for accessible media production of P-12 textbooks and related printed core materials.

3-20 Assistive Technology in the Classroom, 2nd Edition Dell, © 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved. Alternate Format File Types & Playback Devices E-Text Read Out:Loud, WYNN, Kurzweil ClassMate Reader, KNFB Mobile, Victor Reader Stream DAISY Dolphin Easy Reader, ClaroRead Victor Reader Wave PDF Acrobat Reader, WYNN, Kurzweil iPhone, iPad, Blio MP3Braille Software Device Alt Format iTunes, Windows Media Player Refreshable Braille display iPhone, MP3 players BrailleNote, PacMate Omni

3-21 Assistive Technology in the Classroom, 2nd Edition Dell, © 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved. Commercial e-Readers Download & store hundreds of e-books Kindle (Amazon) Reader (Sony) Nook (Barnes and Noble) iPad (Apple) Built-in study tools: annotations, bookmarks, highlighting, dictionary Text-to-speech options

3-22 Assistive Technology in the Classroom, 2nd Edition Dell, © 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved. Text-to-Speech Technology Scan and Read Programs Kurzweil 3000; Kurzweil 1000 WYNN Read & Write Gold K-NFB Reader A handheld that snaps picture of the reading material and then reads it Photo courtesy of Kurzweil Educational Systems, Inc. Used with permission.

3-23 Assistive Technology in the Classroom, 2nd Edition Dell, © 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved. Recorded Books RFB&D Portable book players Commercially available audio Teach students SLiCk pre-reading strategy

3-24 Assistive Technology in the Classroom, 2nd Edition Dell, © 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved. Portable Book Players Victor Wave Portable, lightweight CD player with navigation buttons (more efficient than navigating with a tape player) Victor Reader Stream For students who are blind/visually impaired Photo courtesy of Humanware. Used with permission.

3-25 Assistive Technology in the Classroom, 2nd Edition Dell, © 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved. Commercially Available Audio Recorded books for MP3 players Library/bookstore Audible.com iTunes Provides supports to students without calling attention to their disabilities Photo by Anne Disdier. Used with permission.

3-26 Assistive Technology in the Classroom, 2nd Edition Dell, © 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved. Adapted Books Start-to-Finish (Don Johnston) ▫ Visual and auditory supports, fluency, highlighting, digitized speech with real actors, ▫ Core Content – considerate text ▫ Age Appropriate content ▫ Incorporates UDL Image provided courtesy of Don Johnston, Inc. Used with permission.

3-27 Assistive Technology in the Classroom, 2nd Edition Dell, © 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved. Using Text Under Copyright Chafee Amendment allows authorized entities to reproduce copies in specialized formats exclusively for use by individuals with print disabilities Print disability unable to gain information from printed materials needs a specialized format Proof of disability required RFB&D & Bookshare

3-28 Assistive Technology in the Classroom, 2nd Edition Dell, © 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved. Public Domain Copyright has expired Project Gutenberg

3-29 Assistive Technology in the Classroom, 2nd Edition Dell, © 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved. Websites that Support Reading Raz-Kids ( Raz-Kids Reading A-Z ( Reading A-Z Tumblebooks ( Tumblebooks Storyline Online ( Storyline Online iTales ( iTales

3-30 Assistive Technology in the Classroom, 2nd Edition Dell, © 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved. Decision-Making Framework Problem: Student cannot comprehend text as written Use technology to read text to student Scan/read systems Audio booksUse alternate text e.g. Start-to- Finish Reduce amount of text to read Use abridged versions of audio books Use AutoSummarize in Microsoft Word Subscribe to web- based services such as KidBiz 3000 Support reading with aids placed directly in the text Scan/read systems with embedded tools Software series like Thinking Reader

3-31 Assistive Technology in the Classroom, 2nd Edition Dell, © 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved. Tools and Strategies The student must not only be provided with the tools, the student must be taught to use the tools. Teaching is still an essential component