Declarative sentence Basic statement that ends w/ a period.

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Presentation transcript:

Declarative sentence Basic statement that ends w/ a period

Imperative sentence Command (ends w/ period or exclamation point)

Interrogatory sentence Question

Exclamatory sentence Shows emphasis, excitement, etc. Ends w/ an exclamation point

Simple sentence One subject and one verb only Independent clause May have phrases

Compound sentence More than 1 subject and/or more than 1 verb Only independent clauses used May have phrases

Complex sentence ONLY one independent clause (w/ one subject and one verb only) AND one or more dependent clauses May have phrases

Compound-Complex sentence Independent clause has more than 1 subject and/or more than 1 verb AND there is at least 1 dependent clause May have phrases

Appositive phrase Phrase that explains a noun, usually surrounded by commas Ex: London, the English city on the Thames, offers many tourist attractions.

Cumulative (Loose) Sentence Starts with an independent clause and ends with a dependent clause

Periodic Sentence Starts with a dependent clause and ends with an independent clause

Rhetorical question creates active involvement with reader or audience by asking them to think

Inversion Verb comes before subject Creates emphasis

Polysyndeton When a sentence uses several conjunctions (usually and)

Asyndeton When a sentence does not use any conjunctions

Balanced/Parallel 2 or more words or constructions must be in the same grammatical form (i.e., verbs, infinitives, participles, phrases, etc.)

Anaphora repetition of the same word or group of words at the beginnings of successive sentences Ex: It is a luxury, it is a privilege, it is an indulgence

Antithesis Contrast of ideas, usually as parallel structure Ex: Love is an ideal thing, marriage is a real thing.

Chiasmus The criss-cross or reversal of grammatical structures “mirror image” Ex: I am stuck on Band-Aid ‘cause Band- Aid’s stuck on me.

Punctuation Controls pace and flow of sentence Any punctuation except periods or commas is unique and has a purpose (dashes, ellipses, parentheses, etc.)

Purpose of Syntax/Structure #1 1. Build excitement or intensity

Purpose of Syntax/Structure #2 2. Built to make a point of _____________

Purpose of Syntax/Structure #3 3. Explain a point of _____________

Purpose of Syntax/Structure #4 4. Pull the reader into the passage

Purpose of Syntax/Structure #5 5. Add complexity

Purpose of Syntax/Structure #6 6. Create rhythm

Purpose of Syntax/Structure #7 7. Build an emotion