After Decades of colonial rule by Europeans; Nationalist movements rise and help to bring an end to imperialism.

Pan- Africanism Pan-Africanism, general term for various movements in Africa that have as their common goal the unity of Africans and the elimination of colonialism and white supremacy from the continent. The movement to unify was not successful at this time.

What is Africa like today? Major Cities, Accomplishments, Adversities?

SOUTH AFRICA- WEALTHIEST EQUATORIAL GUINEA & GABON

Largest oil producer in Africa, and 11 th largest producer in the World.

Rwandan Civil War & Genocide Genocide- effort to eliminate an entire race or ethnic group Hutu Extremist had taken control of the government and started the genocide. In 100 Days, 800,000 Tutsis were massacred by Hutu extremist.

Darfur, Sudan Another example of corrupt military leaders neglecting their citizens and resulting in Genocide and Civil War. Source of Conflict: dispute over land and ethnic and religious differences.

Rhodesia to Zimbabwe Independence but still under white (minority) rule. Rhodesia was a colonial name given to honor Cecil Rhodes! Zimbabwe emerged as an independent state on with Robert Mugabe as Prime Minister. Mugabe renamed the country Zimbabwe to reflect African heritage and history.

See Time Magazine: A Continent in Peril

 Pictures of leaders and RobbenIsland

 What African nations did not have or weren’t prepared to do after colonization?  Europeans will continue to control the “economics/raw materials” even after independence!  Corrupt African leaders come to power! New Leaders- start out wanting democracy but many become autocratic leaders that exploit Africans & the resources !  Independence dates/violent or non-violent struggle  Case StudiesRaw Material? African Leaders?  GhanaIndependence dates? Hopes vs. Reality of  Congonewly elected African leaders.  ZimbabweEuropean control of resources?  KenyaFaulty development; corruption?