10.4

Causes of the War  Impressment  British forced/captured American sailors to serve in the British navy  British interfered with American trade  British incited Native Americans to violence against Americans

Battle of Fort McHenry-1814  Americans flew a large flag over the fort  British ships bombarded the fort throughout the night  Francis Scott Key (an American lawyer) watched the battle as a British prisoner  In the morning, he wrote “The Star Spangled Banner”

Results of the War  No clear winner  No territory changed hands  Trade disputes left unresolved  Increased American patriotism  Weakened the Native Americans  Forced Americans to manufacture their own goods.

Industrial Revolution 11.1 & 11.2

The Industrial Revolution  Factory machines replaced hand tools  Large scale farming as the main form of work  Factory system brought many workers and machines together under one roof.  War of 1812  The British naval blockade kept imported goods from reaching U.S. shores. 11.1

Factories came to New England  Factories needed water power, and New England had many fast-moving rivers.  New England also had ships and access to the ocean.  Willing labor force 11.1

Samuel Slater  In 1790 Samuel Slater built his first spinning mill in Pawtucket, Rhode Island.  He hired 8 children between the ages of 7 and 12  Later he built a larger mill and employed whole families. 11.1

A New Way to Manufacture  Inventor Eli Whitney demonstrated the use of interchangeable parts, parts that are exactly alike.  Interchangeable parts sped up production, made repairs easy, and allowed the use of lower-paid, less skilled workers. 11.1

Robert Fulton  Invented a steamboat  Invented a steamboat that could move against the current or a strong wind. 11.1

Samuel F. B. Morse  Invented the telegraph  This machine sent long and short pulses of electricity along a wire.  These pulses could be translated into letters of a message.  In 1844, the first long-distance telegraph line carried news from Baltimore to Washington D.C. 11.1

Technology Improves Farming  In 1836, the blacksmith John Deere invented a lightweight plow with a steel cutting edge. 11.1

The Cotton Boom  Eli Whitney invented a machine for cleaning cotton; cotton gin.  It triggered a vast movement westward.  Cotton was king.  More Native American groups were driven off Southern Land  Slavery continued to be important as a source of labor. 11.2