REGULATIONS / PUBLICATIONS VFR AND AIRSPACE CLASSIFICATION CPT Fishburn

Learning Objective To familiarize the pilot with Regulations and Publications for VFR flight and Airspace classification To familiarize the pilot with Regulations and Publications for VFR flight and Airspace classification

Elements of class VFR Minimums VFR Flight Planning VFR Departure Procedures VFR Enroute Procedures VFR Arrival Procedures Airspace Classification Required safety equipment Publications required in the Aircraft

Elements Weight and Balance Pilot Information File Two - way radio failure - VFR

References AR 95-1 General Planning Aeronautical Information Manual Flight Information Handbook FM Operators Manual TC 1-212

VFR Minimums Airspace ClassFlt visDist from clouds AN/AN/A B3Clear of Clouds C,D3500ft below 1000ft above 2000ft horizont E3500ft below <<10, ft above 2000ft horizont E at or >>51000ft below 10,000ft1000ft above 1SM horizontal

VFR Minimums Airspace ClassFlt vissmDistance from clouds G (rotary wing) 1200ft or less above1/2(Day)clear of clouds the surface (regardless1(Night)clear of clouds of MSL) >>1200 ft above the surface but less that 10,000ft MSL Day1500 ft below Night31000ft above 2000ft horizontal >>1200ft above the surface and at or >> 10,000ft MSL Day and Night51000 ft. below 1000 ft. below 1SM horizonta

VFR Planning (TC 1-212) 1. Determine if the aircrew is capable of completing the assigned mission 2. Determine if the flight can be performed under VFR per AR 95-1, applicable FARs, and local regulations and SOP’s 3. Determine correct departure, en route, and destination procedures 4. Select routes and altitudes that avoid hazardous weather, don’t exceed aircraft limitations and conform to VFR cruising altitudes

VFR Planning (TC 1-212)cont. 5. Compute magnetic heading 6.Determine distance, true a/s,ground speed and ETE 7. Determine fuel requirements (VFR reserve 20 min at cruise) 8. Complete flight plan per AR 95-1 and DOD flip (GP) 9. Perform mission risk assessment

VFR Planning (Weather) n Pilots will obtain departure, enroute, destination and alternate weather information before take-off n Flight into icing n Flight into turbulence n Flight into thunderstorms n Destination weather must be equal to or greater than VFR minimums at ETA through one hour after ETA.

VFR Planning n Weather briefing (175-1, FSS) n Automated / computer based weather n VFR weather void 1hr 30 min from the time the forecast was received n Risk assessment n Crew endurance (table 3-1, AR 95- 1) n Flight Plan (PPR etc.)

Departure Procedures n Comply with DOD FLIP/local departure procedures n Special VFR n Activate flight plan

Arrival Procedures n Use VFR checkpoints/reporting points n Use VFR corridors n Traffic patterns (700 ft for helicopters) n Close flight plan n Special VFR

En route Procedures n VFR over the top flights n VFR Position reporting n Fly the semi-circular rule n above 3000ft AGL deg fly odd thousand ft plus 500ft n above 3000ft AGL deg fly odd thousand ft plus 500ft

Airspace Classification n Types of Airspace –Controlled –Uncontrolled –Special Use –Other Airspace

Controlled Airspace Class A –18,000ft up to and including FL600 –Unless otherwise authorized, all persons must operate under IFR

Controlled Airspace n Class B airspace –surface to 10,000 –surrounding the nations busiest airports –consist of a surface area with two or more layers –ATC clearance required –Equipment required n transponder (4096) with mode C n Two way radio communications

Controlled Airspace n Class C Airspace –ATC clearance required –two concentric circles (5NM and 10NM) –10NM circle (surface to 4000ft AGL) –outer circle (1200ft AGL to 4000ft AGL) –20 mile circle –Equipment required n two way radio communication n MODE C transponder

Controlled Airspace n Class D –operational control tower –surface to 2500ft AGL (generally) –Required equipment n two way radio communication

Controlled Airspace n Class E –Surface area designated for an airport –Extension to a surface area –Federal Airways –Offshore Airspace Areas –En Route Domestic Areas –Airspace used for transition –Unless designated lower (begins at 14,500)

Uncontrolled Airspace n Class G –not designated A,B,C,D or E.

Special Use Airspace n Alert Areas n Controlled Firing Area n Military Operations Areas (MOA) n Prohibited Areas n Warning Areas

Other Airspace n Airport Advisory Areas n Temporary flight restrictions n Parachute Jump Operations n Published VFR routes n National Security Areas n Military Training Routes –IR (Instrument flight routes) –VR (VFR flight routes, 5 miles vis or more)

Required Safety Equipment n Hand Operated Fire Extinguisher n First Aid Kits n Crash Ax n Aviation Life Support Equipment n Survival Kit

Publications Required n Publications and forms required by DA Pam will be in each aircraft n Operators and crew member checklists will be used. n Required publications –-10 CL –-10 Operators Manual –Current –HIT log –PMS -1

Required Publications n Required Pub (cont) –Logbook binder n n Identi-plate DDForm 1896 n (jet fuel conversion chart) n 2408 n n n n n

Weight and Balance n must be evaluated and checked for accuracy every 90 days by a weight and balance technician. n The pilot in command will ensure: –accuracy of the –a completed is aboard the aircraft –the aircraft will remain within allowable limits for the entire flight

Pilots Information File n Aircrew information reading files –contain general and specific areas –safety, standardization,regulations, armament, directives, SOP’s and other information received during the previous and current months –must be reveiwed quarterly by all aviators –managed by the operations officer

Two Way Radio Failure n Refer to Flight Information Handbook n Use good judgement n Try and establish radio contact –on previously assigned frequency –monitor NAVAID voice feature –FSS –Use if needed

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