Cities, jobs and growth: What is the role for infrastructure and planning? Andrew Carter Centre for Cities 21 st June, 2013

Anomie – a poor sense of belonging, UK in detail Geographic map Proportional map Label areas

Cities are (increasingly) crucial to the UK economy

…but there is huge variation across cities

London: 61km Northampton: 28km Manchester: 33km Swansea: 26km Extent of influence continues to expand

Whilst smaller southern cities have expanded rapidly

38% of net additional private sector jobs between 1998 and 2008

Links and relationships within city regions

Cities are not islands – links and connections matter

Stronger economic centres exert greater influence Workplace earnings in the economic centres Approximate TTWA surrounding economic centres

Geography of employment in Greater Manchester Source: Access all areas: linking people to jobs Geography of jobs is changing which creates...

The geography of employment and deprivation in Greater Manchester Source: Access all areas: linking people to jobs Disconnection between jobs and people

And people move in and out of neighbourhoods all the time

Commuting patterns reflect other factors Industrial structure Housing quality & type Skills and Earnings Deprivation Connectivity Quality of place

Eddington Transport Review 2006 UK’s connectivity challenge “The UK’s economic geography means that the principal task of the UK transport system is NOT, in comparison to the needs of France or Spain, to put in place very high-speed networks to bring distant cities and regions closer together, in order to enable trading and facilitate economies of scale. Instead, because the UK’s economic activity is in fact densely located in and around urban areas, domestic freight routes and international gateways, the greater task is to deal with the resulting density of transport demand.”

Improving Connectivity: Economics and Politics £550m £30bn+ £7bn £200m £317m for road pinch points

Questions? Andrew Carter