Graphic Organizer: "Napoleon" (Graphic organizer version)

Background 1.) Born on Corsica; went to military college 2.)  Out of the country during much of the revolution 3.)  Famous general a.  had saved the Directory from a mob b.  was a war hero

Rise to power Keyword = Coup Coup d' etat - an overthrow of the government

1.) Told legislature of a Jacobin plot to overthrow the gov. 2.) He asked to be “temporarily” put in power 3.) He is shouted down

4.) Napoleon’s troops chase the legislature out of the building 5.) Napoleon’s “Consulate” replaces the Directory

Napoleon’s Government

Domestic Achievements a.  Restored order in government b.  Improved the economy c.   Built roads, canals, & bridges d.   pardoned emigrant nobles (émigré) who had fled France; e.   set-up a public education system f.   promoted the idea of achievement based on talent not birth

Concordat of 1801: Agreement between the Pope and Napoleon Made Catholicism the official religion Popular with the peasants & royalists Solidified his power

a. all men equal in law & all have the right to own property 3. Napoleonic Law Code a.  all men equal in law & all have the right to own property b. removed feudal privilege

4. Liberty and freedom a.  Spoke highly of it but kept firm control over people’s lives (censorship, spies, etc…) b.  Order before all else

5. Proclaimed himself emperor in 1804 a. Crowned himself (to show that he had more power than the Church) b. Paintings & newspapers used to glorify his image

Ceremony held at Notre Dame Cathedral in Paris NAPOLEON JOSEPHINE THE POPE

Foreign Affairs

Building An Empire (War) 1. He was a brilliant military tactician 2. Conquered most of the European continent 3. Placed friends & relatives on thrones throughout Europe

Europe 1810

Arc de Triomphe (Paris, France) Order built by Napoleon in 1806 (finished in 1836) to glorify French victories. It was modeled after the Romans.

The not-so-glorious side of war. (Musee de’ L’ Armee, Paris, France)

War with Britain 1.) Planned to invade but naval fleet was destroyed at Trafalgar 2.) The Continental System a. Plan to ruin British trade b. forbid trade w/ Britain

War with Russia

1.) Invaded of Russia (1812) a.) Russians burned as they retreated b.) French ran out of supplies during the harsh winter c.) Only 40,000 of 600,000 French survived

Side note: Have you heard this before? “1812 Overture” – Peter Tchaikowsky Composed in 1880 to celebrate the Russian victory in 1812

NAPOLEON DEFEATED IN RUSSIA

HIS DOWNFALL

The Fall of Napoleon 1.) Nationalism in conquered lands meant strong resistance to French rule 2.) Alliance of Prussia, Russia, Austria, & Britain defeats Napoleon at Leipzig, Germany (1813)

3.) Napoleon forced to abdicate 4.) Exiled to the island of Elba

The Hundred Days 1.) Napoleon escapes from Elba & returns to power a.) Troops sent to capture him joined him instead

2.) Waterloo (June 1815) a.) European alliance defeats Napoleon b.) his final defeat c.) Napoleon made a prisoner on the island of St. Helena until he dies in 1821

Napoleon’s Tomb at the Hôtel des Invalides in Paris

THE END HERE’S A REVIEW  La Marseillaise (French National Anthem)

Napoleon Bonaparte 1769-1821

Important Points: Came to power in a Coup d’ etat Brought reforms & stability after the revolution Conquered much of Europe Invaded Russia (disaster)

Defeated & exiled to Elba Escaped & returned to power (“The Hundred Days”) Final defeat: Waterloo (1821) Died a prisoner on the island of St. Helena

Test on Wednesday!