The Industrial Revolution Unit 2 Study Guide Chapter 9 Pages

Chapter 9Section 1 The Beginnings of Industrialization KEY IDEA The Industrial Revolution started in Great Britain and soon spread elsewhere. Speaker Notes

The Industrial Revolution Begins Chapter 9Section 1Pages Improvements in farming methods boost crop yields and lead to enclosed lands. Improvements in farming methods boost crop yields and lead to enclosed lands. Many small farmers lose their land, move to the city and become urban workers. Many small farmers lose their land, move to the city and become urban workers. Britain possesses ideal conditions for the growth of industry. Britain possesses ideal conditions for the growth of industry. Speaker Notes

Key inventions revolutionize industry during the 1700’s and 1800’s. Key inventions revolutionize industry during the 1700’s and 1800’s. The textile industry is the first to benefit, with the invention of machines to produce cotton cloth. The textile industry is the first to benefit, with the invention of machines to produce cotton cloth. Transportation expands with the invention of the steam engine and the construction of canals, roads, and railroads. Transportation expands with the invention of the steam engine and the construction of canals, roads, and railroads. Inventions Spur Technological Advances Chapter 9Section 1Pages Speaker Notes

Chapter 9Section 2 Industrialization Case Study: Manchester

Chapter 9Section 2 Industrialization Case Study: Manchester KEY IDEA The factory system changed the way people lived and worked, bringing both benefits and problems. Speaker Notes

Industrialization Changes Ways of Life Chapter 9Section 2Pages Industrialization leads to economic growth and urbanization. Industrialization leads to economic growth and urbanization. Industry generates wealth for some but hardship for others. Industry generates wealth for some but hardship for others. As divisions between rich and poor grow, class tensions escalate. As divisions between rich and poor grow, class tensions escalate. Speaker Notes

The Mills of Manchester The Mills of Manchester Chapter 9 Section 2Pages Manchester has vital ingredients to make industrialization possible. Manchester has vital ingredients to make industrialization possible. Textile factories produce great wealth for mill owners. Textile factories produce great wealth for mill owners. Workers and the environment suffer the effects of industrialization. Workers and the environment suffer the effects of industrialization. Speaker Notes

Chapter 9Section 3 Industrialization Spreads

Chapter 9Section 3 Industrialization Spreads KEY IDEA The industrialization that began in Great Britain spread to other parts of the world. Speaker Notes

Industrial Development in the United States Industrial Development in the United States Chapter 9Section 3Pages Conditions in the U.S. are favorable to industrial growth. Conditions in the U.S. are favorable to industrial growth. British machinery spawns an American textile industry. British machinery spawns an American textile industry. American industry grows rapidly, fueled by the growth of railroads. American industry grows rapidly, fueled by the growth of railroads. Speaker Notes

Industrialization Reaches Continental Europe Industrialization Reaches Continental Europe Chapter 9Section 3Pages At first, war and unrest delay the growth of industry. At first, war and unrest delay the growth of industry. Belgium is the first country to industrialize, followed by Germany. Belgium is the first country to industrialize, followed by Germany. Other parts of Europe develop through the 1800’s, though progress is slow in some areas. Other parts of Europe develop through the 1800’s, though progress is slow in some areas. Speaker Notes

Worldwide Impact of Industrialization Worldwide Impact of Industrialization Chapter 9Section 3Page 266 The I.R. widens the gap between more-developed and less-developed nations. The I.R. widens the gap between more-developed and less-developed nations. Industrialized countries exploit overseas colonies for resources and markets. Industrialized countries exploit overseas colonies for resources and markets. Over time, standards of living rise in industrial nations. Over time, standards of living rise in industrial nations. Speaker Notes

Chapter 9Section 4 An Age of Reforms

Chapter 9Section 4 An Age of Reforms KEY IDEA The Industrial Revolution led to economic, social, and political reforms. Speaker Notes

The Philosophers of Industrialization Chapter 9Section 4Pages Laissez-faire thinkers support a free market and oppose government regulation. Laissez-faire thinkers support a free market and oppose government regulation. Economists Adam Smith, Thomas Malthus, and David Ricardo argue that natural law governs economic life. Economists Adam Smith, Thomas Malthus, and David Ricardo argue that natural law governs economic life. Speaker Notes

Rise of Socialism Rise of Socialism Chapter 9Section 4Pages Some thinkers oppose laissez-faire thinking and favor government efforts to improve people’s lives. Some thinkers oppose laissez-faire thinking and favor government efforts to improve people’s lives. Utilitarian thinkers Jeremy Bentham and John Stuart Mill argue that government should promote the social welfare. Utilitarian thinkers Jeremy Bentham and John Stuart Mill argue that government should promote the social welfare. Socialists and Marxists propose state controls to achieve social and economic equality. Socialists and Marxists propose state controls to achieve social and economic equality. Speaker Notes

Unionization and Legislative Reform Unionization and Legislative Reform Chapter 9Section 4Pages Workers organize unions to raise wages and improve conditions. Workers organize unions to raise wages and improve conditions. Unions eventually become established and legal. Unions eventually become established and legal. Reform laws are passed in Britain and the U.S. to limit child labor and set work hours. Reform laws are passed in Britain and the U.S. to limit child labor and set work hours. Speaker Notes

Other Reform Movements Other Reform Movements Chapter 9Section 4Pages Industrialization spurs the growth of various reform movements. Industrialization spurs the growth of various reform movements. The abolition movement helps to end slavery by the late 1800’s. The abolition movement helps to end slavery by the late 1800’s. Women fight for their rights, while education prison reform make strides. Women fight for their rights, while education prison reform make strides. Speaker Notes

AFTER YOU READ AFTER YOU READ CHAPTER 9 The Industrial Revolution Main Ideas What was the agricultural revolution, and what caused it? What inventions played a key role in the early development of the Industrial Revolution? How did the Industrial Revolution change cities? Name two countries in which industrialization got an early start. Explain why What were three of the most important social reforms that followed the Industrial Revolution? Thinking Critically Discuss the major negative effects of industrialization on society How did the Industrial Revolution affect economic thought?