Section

Communication – the process of exchanging information, ideas. and feelings Senders and receivers –Every message Needs to be sent Received Understood –Verbal Speaking Writing –Nonverbal Facial expressions Body Language

Setting The place where communication takes place is the setting –Very important for public speaking

Communication Blocks Blocks – interfere with understanding the message (touch on later) –Distractions –Emotional blocks –Planning a response

Channels Channels – the avenues by which the message is delivered –Sight –Sound –Written

Feedback – the receiver’s response to the message The greatest opportunity for feedback occurs during a conversation between two people Inflection – A change in a persons tone or pitch of a voice

Effective Listening and Reading Focusing your mind –Refocus when ever your mind wanders –Use constant concentration Forming Pictures – messages are sometimes better understood if pictures are formed in you mind of what the message is conveying Improving your vocabulary – –do not skip over words you do not understand

Listening Attending to or alert for sound. Sound is vibration, as perceived by the sense of hearing – not a physical process

Reading The best way to improve your vocabulary Although students are masters of avoiding things that involve reading it has been proven that reading a message in writing makes it more memorable than listening to it. - So Read each chapter before coming to class on Mondays!!

Chapter, Section 8.2

The approach to public speaking 1.Knowing the purpose 2.Speaking formally 3.Using your voice Be able to apply this approach to a public speaking situation, …. Hint! Hint! (Short Answer)

Knowing the purpose Know what you are going to say before you say it. –Inform – get the point across clearly and concisely –Persuade – get others to see or do things a certain way Most effective when you determine a need and then satisfy that needMost effective when you determine a need and then satisfy that need –Entertain – sharing stories and joking around

Using your voice - Develop a pleasant voice, sound relaxed and speak in a medium tone. Speaking formally Requires use of good body language, and eye contact Starts with an opening statement and ends with a conclusion

The four basic patterns for organizing a formal speech 1.Enumeration 2.Cause and Effect 3.Compare and contrast 4.Generalization with an example

1.Enumeration – listing several items in order (instructing or training someone how to complete a task) 2.Generalization with an example – statements that are accepted as true by most people – to make a point. Supported by examples and evidence to make them true Evidence clarifies the message and helps listeners remember the main point. 3.Cause and Effect – lead the listener form the cause of something to the effect. 4.Compare and contrast – explain new concepts by showing how they are similar to or unlike those you’re your listeners already know. Be able to apply this approach to a public speaking situation,…Another Hint! Hint! (Short Answer)

The Four step method of training 1.Explain the task that is to be performed 2.Demonstrate how to perform the task 3.Let the other person do the task 4.Provide a critique that explains what was done correctly and discusses the strong points so the trainee will feel accomplished –When doing the critique make the trainee feel comfortable and though it was done as cooperative effort Ah…..You really need to know this, and by the way it’s also on the test in multiple areas

Parliamentary Procedure and its purposes Parliamentary Procedure - is a structure for holding formal group meetings and making decisions. –Makes meetings democratic and decision making orderly –Favors the meaning of the majority of the group. –Every issue that is discussed freely and thoroughly before a final decision is made

Elements of Parliamentary Procedure  A Quorum is a percentage of the membership needed to conduct official business usually 51%  Order of business – the meeting follows a standard order of business, called an agenda.  The motion – a proposal.

Order of Business 1.Call to order – called by the President. Alerts the beginning of the meeting and to be quiet 2.Minute to the meeting – The secretary reads a written record of that outlines decisions made at the last meeting. 3.Treasurers report – reports money received and spent since last meeting 4.Committee reports – organizations set up to do research or plan events and update on ones in progress. 5.Old business – any issue previously discussed but not resolved. 6.New business – New ideas that members would like to have considered. 7.Adjournment – A motion to adjourn the meeting, if accepted the meeting is officially over.

Writing Helps you organize thoughts Hard to ignore a written message 3 considerations to writing effectively –Know your subject –Know your reader –The purpose of the message

Written messages in business –Keep them Appropriate –Be brief and stick to subject –Do not consider them private –Always treat business formally –Consider more permanent than traditional letters Memos – a brief written message usually conveying only one subject that is sent between employees in the same company. In-house Reports – written information that is compiled from several employee’s input and sent to other employees within the company. Letters - Written to people outside of your business, always typed and always formal