Exploration & Discovery Bell Ringer Q. 1: What might have motivated the explorers who helped European leaders locate new lands? Q. 2: What obstacles did explorers face as they embarked on their journeys? How did they accomplish their missions?
The Rise of Islamic Civilization - First settlers on the Arabian peninsula - Made up of various __________: not unified - Each tribe worshipped different gods, they were ___________________ The Bedouins
The Prophet Muhammad - Born into a powerful family in ____________ - Was deeply troubled by the greed that surrounded Meccan society - When he was 40 it is believed that he was called by the angel __________ who told him he was chosen to be the messenger of Allah - His wife convinces him to accept the call
The Prophet Muhammad - He begins spreading the religion of ___________ - Starts preaching and telling people that there is only one true god - After ______ years of exile he returns to Mecca with over 10,000 followers and takes the city back - He dies in 632 AD, most of the ___________ peninsula had converted to Islam by then
The Teachings of Islam - Islam is monotheistic – belief in ______ god - The _________ is the holy book - Worship at mosques - Practice ________ - struggle for the faith
The Quran - Written in ___________ - Muslims believe it is the sacred word of God as told to Muhammad - It stresses ___________, generosity and social justice - Muslims believe it is the direct and unchangeable word of God
The Five Pillars of Islam 1) Declaration of faith: “There is no God but _______ and Muhammad is his prophet” 2) Daily prayer: Must pray ___ times a day facing Mecca 3) Alms for the poor: Must give _________ to the poor, some Muslim countries collect a tax 4) Fast during Ramadan: Cannot eat, ________, smoke or have sexual relations during daylight hours 5) Hajj: Must make a _____________ to Mecca to pray at the Kaaba at least once in their life
Sharia Law - ____________ law, it governs daily life - Much like Justinian’s Code and the Roman 12 Tables it unites Muslims under a common _______ system - Applies __________ principles to all legal situations - no separation of church and state - It can be especially ________, cutting off hands for stealing, lashes for adultery, stoning to death for adultery and murder
Impact of Islam on Women - Islam teaches the spiritual ____________ of men and women - The Quran protected women in ways that other societies did not - As Islam has spread however certain governments and places have adopted harsher views on __________, such as veiling them which is actually a Persian tradition, not a Muslim one