1. Essential Question: What are the core beliefs of the Islamic faith?
The Rise of Islam
Essential Question: What are the core beliefs of the Islamic faith?

2. The Prophet Muhammad Arabian Peninsula, mostly desert.
Oasis- Fertile area in a desert watered by a natural well or spring.
Mecca was a busy trade center
Linked southern Arabia to Syria and Palestine
Mesopotamia to eastern Africa
Thriving pilgrimage, or holy journey, center of the Kaaba

3. The Prophet Muhammad Muhammad was born in Mecca - 570
Bothered by the idol worship
Approached by the angel Gabriel, sent to spread the message of strict monotheism
Khadija, Muhammad’s wife, becomes the first convert to Islam

4. The Prophet Muhammad
Islam comes from the Arabic word for “submission” (to God’s will)
Muslim – one who submits (to God’s will)
Allah – Arabic word for “God”

5. The Prophet Muhammad Islam initially encountered resistance Hijra
Forced to flee from Mecca to Medina in 622
Year 1 of the Muslim calendar
At Medina, Muhammad gains followers

6. The Prophet Muhammad 630 – Muhammad returns and conquers Mecca.
Destroys the idols in the Kaaba
Unites the Arabs under Islam but dies in 632

7. Teachings of Islam the Five Pillars of Islam Declaration of faith
Daily prayer
Giving charity to the poor
Fasting during Ramadan
Hajj – Pilgrimage to Mecca

8. Teachings of Islam The Quran
Sacred word of God as revealed to Muhammad.
Guide to life
Emphasizes honesty, generosity, and social justice.
Final authority on all matters

9. Teachings of Islam Some Muslims look on jihad as another duty.
Struggle in God’s service.
Spiritual effort
Defense or spread Islam
Believed in the spiritual equality of all people

10. Teachings of Islam Islam is strictly monotheistic.
What other religions that we have spoken about are also monotheistic?

11. Teachings of Islam
Muslims profess faith in the same God as that worshiped by Jews and Christians.
Saw the Torah and Bible as containing partial revelations from God, with the Quran being the final and complete revelation.
Jews and Christians are “People of the Book” – granted religious freedom in early Muslim societies.

12. Essential Question
What are the core beliefs of Islam?

13. Review
Another term for a holy journey is ______________.

14. Review
Muhammad’s journey to Medina in 622 is also known as the ________________.

15. Review
The Holy text of Islam is called _____________.

16. Review
Muslims, Jews, and Christians are all considered _____________________________.

17. Review
List the Five Pillars of Islam.