Britain Becomes More Democratic 1800s Bring Reform.

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Presentation transcript:

Britain Becomes More Democratic 1800s Bring Reform

Britain In the early 1800s wealthy landowners had all the power in Britain. They dominated government because most people could not vote. Political parties began supporting reform efforts when they need the support of the working class people. By the end of the 1800s many reforms took place including universal male suffrage.

Reforming Parliament 1815: Britain is a Constitutional Monarchy Parliament Elected House of Commons Hereditary House of Lords

Pressure for Change! 1820s: Parliament grants Catholics and non-Anglican Protestants equal political rights Unpopulated rural towns still hold seats Industrialized cities had no seats in Parliament

Reform Act of 1832 Redistributed seats in the House of Commons eliminating rotten boroughs Enlarged the electorate Kept landowning requirements for voting

The Chartist Movement People’s Charter: Demanded universal suffrage Annual Parliamentary elections Secret Ballot Petitions by Chartist ignored

The Victorian Age

Queen Victoria Longest Reign…64 Years!!!!!!

Victorian Values Duty, thrift, honesty, hard work, respectability Married Prince Albert and was a dutiful wife Queen Victoria was a symbol of British Might Reform gave hope for changes

British Politics Change 1860: Benjamin Disraeli- Tories become Conservative party William Gladstone- Whigs become Liberal Party Reform Bill 1867: Doubles size of electorate By 1880s: Universal suffrage, many Chartist reforms achieved 1911: Measure passed to restrict power of the Lords

Social & Economic Reforms A Changing Society

Free Trade & Corn Laws 1800s: Business leaders call for free- trade Laissez faire would increase prosperity Corn Laws were taxes on imported grain 1846: Corn Laws repealed Makes imported grain cheaper for all

Campaign Against Slavery 1807: Britain abolishes slave trade 1833: Parliament passes a law banning slavery in all it’s colonies Textile industry continued to import cotton

Crime & Punishment Early 1800s: 200 crimes are punishable by death 1850: Death penalty reserved for murder, treason, piracy, and arson Penal colonies reserved for convicts Australia & New Zealand

Victories for Working Class 1842: No women or children(under 10) to work in mines 1847: Women and Children receive 10 hour workday Safety conditions, minimum wage, minimum hours change Early 1900s: Labor Unions legalized & Grow

Social Reforms for Workers Public health & housing improves Elementary education provided Government jobs open to merit not wealth or birth accident, health, unemployment insurance is provided Old age pension

Women’s Suffrage Early 1900s: Parliament refuses women’s vote Peaceful & Radical women demand suffrage Emmeline Pankhurst: Violent protest necessary to achieve vote 1918: Women over 30 granted suffrage