Cardiovascular Disease

Non-Communicable Diseases notDiseases that are not transmitted through contact with others. Types of NCDs: Cardiovascular Disease Cancer Diabetes

What is Cardiovascular Disease?? Cardiovascular disease is a disease of the heart and blood vessels. Cardiovascular disease accounts for almost half of all deaths in the United States.

Statistics #1 Killer in the United States 2600 people per day die of some form of CVD

Key Terms Congestive Heart Failure: –A condition that occurs when the heart's pumping ability is below normal capacity and fluid accumulates in the lungs and other areas of the body. Coronary Heart Disease: – A disease in which the coronary arteries are narrowed and blocked

More Key Terms Heart rhythm abnormalities: –Heart may beat very slowly or very fast for no obvious reason. Rheumatic Fever: (Ruh – mat- ic) –An auto-immune action in the heart that can cause fever, weakness, and damage to the valves in the heart.

Myocardial Infarction??? A heart attack is the death of cardiac muscle caused by lack of blood flow to the heart. A heart attack may result in disability or death.

Warning Signs Lightheadedness Fainting Sweating Nausea Shortness of Breath Not all warning signs occur in every heart attack. American Heart Association advices that people get medical help immediately when some of these symptoms occur

What is Hypertension??? HeartCen terOnline:HeartCen terOnline: Known as the “Silent Killer” Is linked with the hardening of the arteries ( Arteriosclerosis) Is a factor in 75% of all strokes and heart attacks.

Hypertension Continued.. Causes: Stress Heredity High Fat and Sodium Diet Unknown Treatment: 90% of hypertension can be treated with medication. Diet and Physical Activity. Lifestyle Choices Relaxation

Cholesterol… High Density Lipoprotein (HDL, also known as the "good cholesterol") Low Density Lipoprotein (LDL, or "bad cholesterol"). Cholesterol isn't all bad. In fact, cholesterol is an essential fat. It provides stability in every cell of your body.

Causes and Treatment Physical Exertion High fat diet Excessive Stress Hereditary Medication –Nitroglycerin- drug that widens the coronary arteries allowing oxygen to flow to the heart.

Treatment Options Medication Nitrates- Responsible for relaxing the smooth muscle in the arteries and improves the blood flow to the heart. Angiogram: X-ray to see heart and arteries.

Treatment Options Balloon Angioplasty- A procedure to push plaque up against the arteries. Stenting- A procedure where a wire mesh tube is inserted into the artery to open the passageway for the blood HeartCenterOnline:

More Treatment Options… Bypass Surgery- A procedure where a surgeon takes a healthy artery from another part of the body and creates a new route for the blood around the blocked artery. HeartCenterOnline:

Stroke –Caused by blocked or broken blood vessels in the brain. –An aneurysm is a bulging out of part of the wall of a blood vessel. It forms where the wall has weakened, often due to the build-up of plaque. –HeartCenterOnline:HeartCenterOnline:

RISK FACTORS Controllable: High-fat Diet High Blood Pressure Smoking Alcohol High Cholesterol Lack of physical activity Non-Controllable: Gender Age Heredity

Prevention Low-fat Diet Quit Smoking Lower Cholesterol Physical Activity