1. Noncommunicable Diseases
Chapter 19
Noncommunicable Diseases
Lesson 3
Heart and Circulatory Problems
Click for:
>> Main Menu
>> Chapter 19 Assessment
Teacher’s notes are available in the notes section of this presentation.
Next >>

2. A group of disorders in which arteries harden and become more rigid
arteriosclerosis
Occurs when fatty substances in the blood build up on the walls of the arteries
atherosclerosis
A condition in which the pressure of the blood on the walls of the blood vessels stays at a level that is higher than normal
hypertension
Click to reveal the definitions.
A serious condition that occurs when an artery of the brain breaks or becomes blocked
stroke

3. heart attack
A condition in which blood flow to a part of the heart is greatly reduced or blocked
A surgical procedure in which an instrument with a tiny balloon, drill bit, or laser attached is inserted into a blocked artery to clear a blockage
angioplasty
Click to reveal the definitions.
Body Mass Index (BMI)
A formula you can use to determine if your weight is appropriate for you

4. In this lesson, you will learn to
identify and describe different types of heart disease.
describe how to treat heart disease.
explain ways to reduce the risk of heart disease.

5. Identifying Cause and Effect
List three lifestyle behaviors that can cause heart disease.

6. Most heart disease is the result of lifestyle behaviors.
What Is Heart Disease?
Heart disease is any condition that weakens the heart and blood vessels and makes them less functional.
Most heart disease is the result of lifestyle behaviors.
About 13 million people in the United States have heart disease.
About one million people in the United States die from heart disease every year.
Most heart disease is the result of lifestyle behaviors, such as smoking, eating too many foods high in saturated fat, and not getting enough regular physical activity.

7. Types of Heart Disease
Arteriosclerosis and Atherosclerosis are two types of heart disease that result from problems with the blood flow through the arteries.
arteriosclerosis A group of disorders in which arteries harden and become more rigid
The body’s tissues and organs depend on the flow of blood through the arteries to deliver oxygen to cells.
When the arteries are damaged or blocked, the blood does not flow as well.
atherosclerosis Occurs when fatty substances in the blood build up on the walls of the arteries

8. Other Cardiovascular Problems
When a person’s blood pressure is higher than normal, he or she has high blood pressure, or hypertension.
hypertension A condition in which the pressure of the blood on the walls of the blood vessels stays at a level that is higher than normal
As your heart beats, it pushed blood through your body’s blood vessels creating pressure on the blood vessel's walls. This force is called blood pressure.

9. Other Cardiovascular Problems
High blood pressure can lead to a stroke.
stroke A serious condition that occurs when an artery of the brain breaks or becomes blocked
Have your blood pressure checked regularly by a health care professional.
Most hypertension can be treated with a healthful eating plan, physical activity, stress management, and medication.
During a stroke, brain cells die from lack of oxygen.

10. Other Cardiovascular Problems
High blood pressure can lead to a heart attack.
heart attack A condition in which blood flow to a part of the heart is greatly reduced or blocked
Heart attacks cause pain, tightness or pressure in the chest, or pain spreading in the arms, jaw, back, or abdomen. Other symptoms may include cold skin, shortness of breath, sweating, fainting, nausea, and lightheadedness.
If the blood is cut off for more than a few minutes, the heart muscles are damaged and die.

11. Treating Heart Disease
Treatments for Heart Disease
Angioplasty
Medications
Pacemakers
Bypass Surgery
Heart Valve Surgery
Heart Transplants
Angioplasty:
Angioplasty devices either flatten, cut, or burn away the blockage.
Medications:
Medications can dissolve blood clots that block arteries.
Sometimes aspirin is prescribed to prevent platelets from clumping together to form blood clots.
Pacemakers:
Pacemakers are electronic devices implanted into the chest the help the heart beat regularly.
The pacemaker creates electrical signals that control the heartbeat.
Bypass surgery:
This surgery creates new pathways for blood to flow around blockages. Surgeons take a healthy blood vessel from another part of the body and make a detour around the blocked part of a coronary artery.
Heart valve surgery:
A faulty valve can be replaced with an artificial one made of metal or plastic.
Heart transplants:
This surgery completely replaces a person’s damaged heart with the healthy heart of someone who recently died.
Heart transplants are extremely complicated, so they are done only when the heart is severely damaged and no other treatment will work.
angioplasty A surgical procedure in which an instrument with a tiny balloon, drill bit, or laser attached is inserted into a blocked artery to clear a blockage

12. How to Prevent Heart Disease
Tips for Preventing Heart Disease
Eat healthful foods.
Get regular physical exercise.
Maintain a healthy Body Mass Index (BMI).
Manage stress.
Stay tobacco free.
Making healthy choices today can decrease your risk of developing heart disease when you are older.
Eat healthful foods:
Eat a variety of fresh fruits and vegetables, whole-grain cereals, and lean sources of protein.
Get regular physical exercise:
Regular physical activity strengthens the muscle tissue in your heart.
Being physically active help you manage stress and maintain a healthy body weight.
Maintain a healthy Body Mass Index (BMI):
Your heart works best if your BMI is within a healthy range.
Ask a health care provider to help you find the right range for you.
Manage stress:
Constant stress can lead to high blood pressure. Learn how to relax and reduce stress.
Stay tobacco free:
The chemicals in tobacco can lead to heart disease, heart attacks, hypertension, and even strokes.
Body Mass Index (BMI) A formula you can use to determine if your weight is appropriate for you

13. What I Learned Vocabulary Define hypertension. Lesson 3 Review
Hypertension is a condition in which the pressure of the blood on the walls of the blood vessels stays at a level that is higher than normal.

14. Lesson 3 Review
What I Learned
Identify Name two types of heart disease. How are they similar? How are they different?
Arteriosclerosis and atherosclerosis. Both restrict blood flow through effected blood vessels. Arteriosclerosis involves the hardening of arteries. Atherosclerosis involves a build up of plaque along the artery walls.

15. Lesson 3 Review
What I Learned
Explain What are some ways to reduce the risk of heart disease?
Eat healthful foods, participate in regular physical activity, and maintain a healthy BMI.

16. Lesson 3 Review
What I Learned
Give Examples What are three medical procedures to help people with heart disease?
angioplasty, medications, bypass surgery

17. Lesson 3 Review
Thinking Critically
Analyze Why is it a good idea to have your blood pressure checked regularly by a health care professional?
Regular blood pressure checks can help determine whether you need to be treated for hypertension.

18. Lesson 3 Review
Thinking Critically
Apply What questions would you ask a health care provider if you want the provider to help you set up a plan to reduce your risk of heart disease?
Sample answer: How much exercise should I do every day? Which foods should I eat? How often should I get checkups?

19. Noncommunicable Diseases
End of
Chapter 19
Noncommunicable Diseases
Lesson 3
Heart and Circulatory Problems
Click for:
>> Main Menu
>> Chapter 19 Assessment