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Right Referencing Learning Services

Referencing In this session we will look at: Why we should reference Ethical use of information to avoid plagiarism Appropriate information sources to reference How to reference correctly Practical examples Recognise referencing within a piece of text. How to use a consistent reference style, for example British Standard Harvard.

Why Do We Reference? Referencing academic sources in your assignments shows you have read widely and researched your work correctly. It also allows the marker to check the accuracy of your statements by following up your references.

Why Do We Reference? Plagiarism means presenting the words or ideas of someone else as your own without proper acknowledgement of the source. If you read something in a book, journal or web page, or hear something in a radio broadcast or podcast, and you use it in your assignment without referencing it, this could be considered plagiarism. Tip! Don’t copy chunks of text from the Internet and paste them straight into your work as this can lead to claims of plagiarism.

Referencing Information Sources

Books (single author, edited books and reference books)

Articles (from academic journals, newspaper). Books (single author, edited books and reference books)

Articles (from academic journals, newspaper). Reports (official Government reports) Internet sources (blogs) DVD/CD TV/Radio Theatre plays Illustrations/song lyrics

Journal Article

A reference is made up of two parts: 1.What goes in the text (the citation) 2.What goes in the bibliography (the list of resources at the end of your piece of work)

To support your academic argument you should always use information from academic sources. You should refer to the source of your information in the appropriate place in the text (citation). This should be brief and should only include details of the Author, Date of Publication and Page Number. When to reference

For example in the text…. “Until the final decades of the Twentieth Century the idea of childhood as a distinct and separate social category had been paid very little attention”. (McDowell Clark, 2010, p.36) OR McDowell Clark (2010, p.36) claims that “until the final decades of the Twentieth Century the idea of childhood as a distinct and separate social category had been paid very little attention”. When to reference

Now we will go to the Learning Services’ Referencing web page to show you the help available to you there, including the Harvard Referencing Guide. This referencing information can also be accessed from the ‘Your FAS Resources’ tab in Learning Edge.

The next step is to put together your source details in the right format. This will make up your bibliography. The format used depends on the type of material you used to find your information. All types of material formats are included in the Harvard Referencing guide. For the purposes of today we will look at : 1. Books 2. Journal Articles 3. Web pages What goes in the bibliography?

AUTHOR OR EDITOR, Year. Title. Edition (if not the first). Place of publication: Publisher. For example… McDOWELL CLARK, R., Childhood in society for early childhood studies. Exeter: Learning Matters. Books

For example… McDOWELL CLARK, R., Childhood in society for early childhood studies. [ebook] Exeter: Learning Matters. Available from: [Accessed 3 November 2014]. eBook

AUTHOR OR EDITOR of article, Year. Title of article. Name of journal. Volume (part number), page number(s). For example… ROETS, G.,ROOSE, R. and BOUVERNE-DE BIE, M., Researching child poverty: Towards a lifeworld orientation. Childhood-A global Journal of child research. 20 (4), pp Journals

AUTHOR OR EDITOR of article. Year. Title of article. Name of journal. Volume (part number) page number(s). URL [Accessed Date]. For example… ROETS, G.,ROOSE, R. and BOUVERNE-DE BIE, M., 2013 Researching child poverty: Towards a lifeworld orientation. Childhood-A global Journal of child research. [online]. 20 (4) pp Available from: [Accessed 3 November 2014] Online journals

AUTHOR OR EDITOR of web page, Year. Title of web page. URL [Accessed Date]. For example… NATIONAL CHILDREN’S BUREAU, NCB's response to the Chancellor’s 2013 Autumn Statement [online]. Available from: chancellor’s-2013-autumn-statement [Accessed 10 December 2013]. Web pages

The author’s name must always go in reverse order ie. SURNAME first followed by a comma and the FIRST INITIAL then a full stop. eg. JONES, K. or ALLAN, S. The entries in your bibliography should be listed in alphabetical order by the author’s surname It is essential to ensure you keep your punctuation consistent in every entry Things to remember!!

Quiz : Is a citation needed? YesNo 1. When you include tables, photographs, statistics & diagrams. May be directly copied or a source of data collation which you have used. 2. When describing or discussing a theory, model or practice associated with a particular writer. 3. When you summarize information drawn from a variety of sources about what has happened over a period, and the summary is unlikely to be a cause of dispute. 4. To give weight or credibility to an argument that you believe is important. 5. When giving emphasis to a particular idea that has found a measure of agreement and support among commentators. 6. When pulling together a range of key ideas that you introduced and referenced earlier in the assignment. 7. When stating or summarising obvious facts, and when there is unlikely to be any significant disagreement with your statements or summaries. 8. When including quotations. 9. When you copy and paste items from the Internet and where no author’s name is shown. 10. When paraphrasing or summarising (in your own words) another persons work.

Quiz : Is a citation needed? YesNo 1. When you include tables, photographs, statistics & diagrams. May be directly copied or a source of data collation which you have used. 2. When describing or discussing a theory, model or practice associated with a particular writer. 3. When you summarize information drawn from a variety of sources about what has happened over a period, and the summary is unlikely to be a cause of dispute. 4. To give weight or credibility to an argument that you believe is important. 5. When giving emphasis to a particular idea that has found a measure of agreement and support among commentators. 6. When pulling together a range of key ideas that you introduced and referenced earlier in the assignment. 7. When stating or summarising obvious facts, and when there is unlikely to be any significant disagreement with your statements or summaries. 8. When including quotations. 9. When you copy and paste items from the Internet and where no author’s name is shown. 10. When paraphrasing or summarising (in your own words) another persons work.

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