Do Now Name 3 types of heat related illnesses Which one is the most severe What are some ways that you can prevent heat illness

Environmental Emergencies Chapter 6 Page 84

Heat Related Illness Exposure to extreme heat or cold can make a person seriously ill. A heat related illness can quickly effect a persons condition. Can be fatal!

Heat Related Illness 1.Heat cramps 2.Heat exhaustion 3.Heat stroke Heat cramps are the least severe, often the first signals that the body is having trouble with heat. Muscle spasms – legs and abdomen Move to a cool place, hydrate with water, lightly stretch and massage

Heat Related Illness Heat Exhaustion – is more severe than heat cramps Often affects athletes, firefighters, construction workers and factory workers. Signals – cool, moist, pale ashen or flushed skin, headache, nausea, dizziness, weakness and exhaustion Get the person out of the heat, loosen or remove clothing as much possible and apply cool, wet cloths Conscious and able to swallow – give water

Heat Related Illness Heat Stroke – least common but most severe. Body is overwhelmed by heat and begin to stop functioning. Very serious medical emergency

Heat Related Illness Extremely high body temperature, red skin, that is dry or moist, changes in consciousness, rapid, shallow breathing, confusion, vomiting, and seizures. Rapidly cool the body – immersing the person up to their neck in cold water Cover with bags of ice Give care until 911 arrives

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Do Now List two types of cold related emergencies Why should you avoid giving a victim of cold related emergence caffeine or alcohol? Complete worksheet for chapter 6 Edmodo assessment #3 - Friday 4pm, Chapters 1-6

Cold Related Emergencies Frostbite - is the freezing of body parts exposed to the cold. Frostbite can result in the loss of fingers, hands, arms, toes, feet and legs. Signals: Lack of feeling in the affected area, swelling and skin that appears to be waxy, is cold to the touch or is discolored. Blisters may form and the affected part may turn black and show signs of deep tissue damage.

Cold Related Emergencies Handle the areas gently Remove wet clothing / jewelry Never rub a frostbite area Do not try to re-warm the area Soak the area in warm water not hotter than 105 Do not break any blisters Do not give any NSAIDS

Cold Related Emergencies Hypothermia – the entire body cools because its ability to keep warm is failing Ingestion of substances that interfere with the body's ability to regulate temperature Any medical condition that impairs circulation Prolonged exposure to cold, wet or windy conditions or wet clothes

Cold Related Emergencies Position the person near a heat source Take off wet clothing Warm liquids – no alcohol or caffeine Monitor consciousness

Preventing Heat / Cold Illness Do not go out during the hottest or coldest part of the day Change your activity level according to the temperature Take frequent breaks Dress appropriately for the environment Drink large amount of fluids

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Do Now What does a deer tick bite look like? How do you remove a tick? How would you care for a snake bite?

Bites and Stings Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever – is a bacterial infection spread by wood ticks, dog ticks. Occurs mostly in spring and summer – young children. Can be life threatening, must get antibiotics! Signs and symptoms: Fever, nausea, vomiting, muscle aches or pains, lack of appetite, severe headache, abdominal pain, joint pain, diarrhea Key Signs: Spotted Rash on wrists and ankles, however 1/3 don’t get the rash

Bites and Stings

Babesia Infection - is a protozoa infection spread by a deer tick and black leg ticks. Signs and symptoms: Fever, sweats, chills, body aches and pains, no appetite, nausea, fatigue Can develop anemia and jaundice / dark urine. Can be fatal! Prescription medications needed.

Bites and Stings Lyme Disease – is spread by the deer tick and black-legged tick which attaches to mice and deer. The tick must remain embedded in human skin for about 36 to 48 hours to transmit the disease. Signs and symptoms – rash starts as a small red area at the sight of the bite. Can cause painful arthritis, numbness, severe headaches, facial paralysis, confusion, memory problems

Bites and Stings

Do not burn off the tick Remove a tick by pulling slowly, steadily and firmly with no twisting Save the tick in a container Seek medical attention

Bites and Stings Few spiders in the United States can cause serious illness or death. Signals of spider bites depend on the amount of poison, called venom. Signs and symptoms: Rigid muscles in shoulder area, restlessness, anxiety, dizziness, headache, sweating

Bites and Stings Wash the wound thoroughly Apply antibiotic ointment Bandage the wound Apply ice or cold pack Seek medical attention Keep the bitten area elevated and as still as possible.

Bites and Stings

Snake bites kill very few people in the United States. Signs and Symptoms: A bite mark, pain, swelling Care by: Washing the wound, pressure immobilization, keep area still and lower than the heart, seek medical assistance Do not: Apply ice, cut the wound, or apply suction.

Bites and Stings

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