1. Environmental Emergencies
Bites and Stings
Heat Related
Cold Related
Emergencies

2. Animal and Human Bites
May be minor but if skin breaks it can become infected from germs of the bitters mouth
Stay away from the animal

3. Action Steps Scene is safe-first aid kit-PPE
Animal bites- activate ERS
Clean wound with lots of running water
Stop bleeding with pressure
For bruising or swelling place ice and water bag on bite for 20 min.
** may carry rabies- cat, dog, skunk, raccoon, fox, bat

4. Snakebites Helpful to identify the snake Always assume it is poisonous
Signs of a poisonous snakebite: pain that keeps getting worse, Swelling in bite area, nausea, sweating vomiting

6. Action steps Scene is safe-first aid kit-PPE
Move any other person inside away from area and activate ERS
Have bitten person to remain calm. Avoid moving body part
Remove tight clothing or jewelry
Gently wash with running water-- soap if available

7. Insect, Bee and Spider bites and stings
Some bites may be serious and even fatal if person has a severe allergic reaction or poison is injected

8. Action Steps Scene is safe-first aid kit-PPE
Call 911 if severe and use Epipen if available
Wash bite or sting area with a lot of running water
Put a bag of ice water in a towel or cloth for up to 20 minutes
Be sure to use something flat to remove a stinger-DO NOT Squeeze

10. Someone has been bitten by an insect or bee may have an allergic reaction and should be watched for at least how long

11. 30 Minutes

12. Review Time
When someone has a bite be sure to wash the bite area with lots of soap and water
True or false

13. True

14. Heat Related Emergencies
Heat Cramps- Mostly caused by vigorous exercise
Action Steps: rest and cool off
Drink something with sugar or electrolyte
May resume exercise after they go away
May also stretch, ice or massage

15. Heat exhaustion Serious condition that can turn into heat stroke
Occurs from exercising in extreme heat and sweats a lot.
Signs: sweating, nausea, dizziness, vomiting, muscle cramps, feeling, faint and fatigue

16. Action Steps Scene is safe-first aid kit-PPE Phone 911 activate ERS
Lay person down in a cool place
Remove as much of the persons clothing as possible
Cool person with cool water spray or place cool damp cloths on neck, armpit, and groin areas
Drink fluids- sugar or electrolyte

17. Heat Stroke Very serious condition
Hyperthermia (elevated body temperature)
Need to act quickly
Life threatening

18. Action Steps Scene is safe-first aid kit-PPE
Phone or ask someone to call 911
Put person in cool water, up to neck if possible
Assess for CPR
Give CPR if needed

20. Review Time
Heat Stroke is Life threatening condition
True or false

21. True

22. Cold Related Emergencies
Frost bite-affect parts of the body such as fingers, toes, nose, and ears.
Signs- white, waxy or grayish-yellow
cold and numb, hard and skin doesn’t move when you push it.

24. Action Steps Move person to a warm place Phone 911 or ask someone to
Remove tight clothing and jewelry from frost bitten part
Remove wet clothing and pat body dry. Put dry clothes on the person and cover with a blanket
Do not try to thaw the frozen part

26. Low Body Temperature Hypothermia Occurs when body temperature falls
Serious condition that can cause death
Shivering protects the body by producing heat
Signs:
Cool to touch
Shivering
Confused or drowsy
Skin become ice cold and blue
May stop responding and breathing slows
May appear dead

27. Action Steps Get person out of cold
Remove wet clothing and pat body dry. Put dry clothes on the person and cover with a blanket
Phone 911, get first aid kit and AED
Wrap the person up with anything you have-clothing, towels, newspapers etc
Cover head but not face- may place person near a heat source
Assess person for CPR, give if needed

28. Review Time
Being confused may be a symptom of heat stroke and low body temperature
True or False

29. True