Pioneers of Sociology. Auguste Comte (1798 - 1857) Coined the term "Sociology" Considered the father of positivism  Positivism = Way of thinking based.

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Presentation transcript:

Pioneers of Sociology

Auguste Comte ( ) Coined the term "Sociology" Considered the father of positivism  Positivism = Way of thinking based on the assumption that it is possible to observe social life and establish reliable, valid knowledge about how it works Came up with the law of 3 stages 1. Theological (Fictitious) 2. Metaphysical (Abstract) 3. Scientific (Positive) 1.amazonaws.com/images/jreviews/Auguste-Comte jpg

Emile Durkheim ( )  Became interested in a scientific approach to society  Published "Suicide: A Study in Sociology"  Case study that explored differing suicide rates among Protestants and Catholics and argued that stronger social control among Catholics results in lower suicide rates umb/2/24/Emile_Durkheim.jpg/215px- Emile_Durkheim.jpg

Herbert Spencer ( )  Developed and applied evolutionary theory to sociology  Presented Social Darwinism (idea that societies are organisms that progress through a process of evolution similar to that experienced by living species)  Survival of the Fittest ommons/9/96/Herbert_Spencer.jpg

Karl Marx ( )  Came up with the theory known as "Marxism"  Argued that all society progresses through the dialectic of class struggle and conflict  Critical of capitalism and believed that socialism would eventually be replaced by a stateless, classless society called pure communism s/f/fc/Karl_Marx.jpg

Max Weber ( )  German sociologist who studied rationalization  Focused on religion and government  Combined economic sociology and sociology of religion  Emphasized importance of cultural influences embedded in religion as a means for understanding the genesis of capitalism  Focused on individuals _fill,dpr_1.0,g_face,h_300,q_80,w_300/MT E5NDg0MDU1MTYzOTMwMTI3.jpg

Jane Addams ( )  Early feminist  Social and political activist  Interested in studying urban life  Created Hull House (1st settlement house in US)  Questioned roles of women in society and the social pressures on a woman to marry and devote her life to family dams%20Draft_files/image18861.gif

W.E.B. DuBois ( )  Played a leading role in the struggle for black civil rights  Studied blacks as a social system  Wanted to learn as much as he could in an attempt to "cure" prejudice and discrimination  Used scientific method to study the race problem _fill,dpr_1.0,g_face,h_300,q_80,w_300/MT E5NTU2MzE2MjA2MDQwNTg3.jpg