Humanism or Medieval. HumanismMedieval 15 th to 17 th century5 th to 15 th century Return to pagan classics (Greeks and Romans) Humans can use logic and reason to find their own answers. Reason comes from faith and God. Topics were mostly focused on themes from the Bible.

 Humanism: emphasizes reason, scientific inquiry and human fulfillment in the natural world  Ex. Increased anatomical knowledge allowed for better understanding of human body. Cures can be found through research.  More of a be all you can be attitude  Instead of a life of servitude to the Lord, the people lived in a society of a human- centered life.  Art & sculpture of the time showed man as a beautiful and important being  Engaging more in free thought  A humanization of the divine: God was viewed as more of a man than a supreme force

 Medieval Philosophy: emphasizes theology (study of God) and religious explanations to questions about humans & natural world  Ex. Dissection banned. Disease/sickness caused by sin/God’s displeasure. Cures can be found through theological explanations (superstition/theories)  Mindset of Middle Ages was focused on God and the world of the divine (“hereafter” vs. the “here and now”)  People of the church held in utmost respect  Life seen as painful pilgrimage toward gratification in the afterlife  Fear of the unknown everpresent

Renaissance Architecture revives Roman domes, rounded arches Music- Choral. Many voices overlapping. Art- Use of perspective; Depth, shadow, two dimensional. Medieval  Architecture uses square towers, pointed arches, vaulted ceilings  Music- Religious or tells heroic tales.  One Voice- contemplating God  Art- Flat, one dimensional, very colorful.

Laon Cathedral

Painting A: Cimabue’s Santa Trinita Madonna

Painting B: Madonna & Chancellor Rollin

Painting C: Girl With Pearl Earring

Painting D

 tch?v=_MbDqc3x97k tch?v=_MbDqc3x97k  v=hipy4- SwS1o&playnext=1&list=PLD3A9D A338DC4E814&feature=results_mai n v=hipy4- SwS1o&playnext=1&list=PLD3A9D A338DC4E814&feature=results_mai n Song B Song A

 Gregorian Chant: more properly called “Plainchant.”  Monophony : one voice  Responsorial : soloist with choral response  Purpose : encourage prayerful state without distraction of instruments  Anonymous creators who improvised and transmitted work orally.  Haec dies (“This is the day..”)  This is the day  which the Lord hath made;  we will rejoice and be  glad of it  O give thanks to the Lord  for He is good:  for his mercy  endureth  forever.

 Humanism in Music: Like artists turned to pre-Christian models. Wanted music to have same effect on listener as Greek music had. Knew about Pythagorean views on music as representing order of cosmos with the power to change nature and alter souls.  Continuous imitation : lines imitate each other.  Cantus firmus : Fixed melody serves as basis for elaborate imitation by other voices.  Homophony : Composition with several voices in which one melodic line dominates other musical lines.  Word painting ; musical gesture reflects meaning of the word being sung.  Josquin Desprez, “Ave Maria... virgo serena” 1470s  Hail Mary, full of grace.  The Lord is with you, gentle Virgin.  Hail, whose conception,  Full of solemn joy,  Fills the heaven, the earth,  With new rejoicing.  Hail, whose birth  Was our festival,  As our luminous rising light  Coming before the true sun.  Hail, pious humility,  Fertility without a man,  Whose annunciation  Was our salvation.  Hail, true virginity,  Unspotted chastity,  Whose purification was our cleansing.  Hail, famous with all  Angelic virtues,  Whose assumption was  Our glorification.