1. Medieval Art Review

2. What was the primary purpose of art during the Middle Ages?
Medieval Art Review
What was the primary purpose of art during the Middle Ages?
European art during the Middle Ages had largely the purpose of serving the Church and its teachings. One of its main tasks was the depiction of saints and Biblical events for teaching Christianity.
For a long time these pictorial representations tended to consist of stark, 2-D figures situated in front of flat backgrounds (often of gold).
What was of primary importance in these pictures was, after all, not their artistry, but their spiritual content, their "message."

3. How is this painting characteristically medieval
How is this painting characteristically medieval? How can you tell it is from the Middle Ages?
Virgin and Child, Ugolino di Nerio, , Sienne.
Medieval Art Review

4. Name that Medieval Art?
Stained Glass Window

5. Name that Medieval Art?
Illuminated Manuscript Cover

6. Name that Medieval Art?
Mosaic

7. Name that Medieval Art?
Illuminated Manuscript

8. Name that Medieval Art?
Stained Glass Rose Window

9. Name that Medieval Art?
Fresco Painting

10. Who is the artist?
Giotto

11. Lamentation
What is the title?

12. Why is this painting important in the history of art
Why is this painting important in the history of art? Why was it revolutionary for its time?
Lamentation by Giotto
This piece was extremely ground-breaking in its time because of the strong diagonal composition, the range of emotions, the rich colors, and the variety of perspectives from which the figures are drawn.  With the foreground figures backs facing the audience, the scene feels less staged, and the viewer feels more connected to the emotional turmoil of the figures in the painting.

13. Giotto, The Lamentation, 1305, Fresco
Medieval Art
Late Gothic Painting
Giotto, The Lamentation, 1305, Fresco

14. Compare and Contrast Giotto, The Lamentation, 1305, fresco
Barna Da Siena, The Crucifixion and the Lamentation, fresco

15. St. Matthew the Evangelist, from the Gospel Book, Rhineland, about 800
St. Matthew the Evangelist, from the Gospel Book of Archbishop Ebbo of Reims,
Compare and Contrast

16. The first St. Matthew is extremely expressive and is filled with energy as he hurries to write his Gospel. He appears to be seized with divine inspiration. The second St. Matthew is Classical and calm; the saint is intent on setting down his own thoughts. The contrast between these two styles shows the wide range in style that existed in the ninth century.

17. Chartres Cathedral, France, 1194
Name that Cathedral
Chartres Cathedral, France, 1194

18. Chartres Cathedral, France, 1194
Gothic Architecture
Best remaining example of Gothic architecture
First cathedral to use flying buttresses
Used groin vaults
Overall feeling of verticality-super high interior reaches toward heaven
Lots of light comes in through beautiful stained glass windows.

19. Chartres Cathedral What is a flying buttress?
A flying buttress is a free-standing arch, built against a wall to support or reinforce it.
The flying buttresses would carry the weight of the roof away from the building and down a column of stone to the ground. With flying buttresses more of the church walls could be made out of glass, and the cathedral looked lighter and more heavenly.

20. Chartres Cathedral What is a groin vault?
A vault is a structural element made up of arches that form a ceiling or roof.
The simplest kind of vault is the barrel vault which is generally semicircular in shape. The barrel vault is a continuous arch.
A groin vault is the intersection at right angles of two barrel vaults. Sometimes the arches of groin vaults are pointed instead of round.

21. Chartres Cathedral, France, 1194
Gothic Architecture
A groin vault is produced by the intersection at right angles of two barrel vaults.