1. Chapter 12.2: The Intellectual and Artistic Renaissance
Global Studies I

2. Key Terms
humanism an intellectual movement of the Renaissance that was based on the study of the ancient Greek and Roman classics
fresco painting done on fresh, wet plaster with water-based paints

3. Italian Renaissance Humanism
Why is Petrarch called the father of Italian Renaissance humanism?
Began the humanist emphasis on using pure classical Latin
Intellectual life was a life of solitude

4. Italian Renaissance Humanism
How did Humanism change in the early 1400s?
New interest in civic life
Duty of intellectuals to live active lives
Study of humanities should be used to serve the state

5. Vernacular Literature
What two authors made vernacular literature popular in the 14th century?
Dante
Italian author
Divine Comedy, story of the soul’s journey to salvation
Chaucer
English author
The Canterbury Tales, collection of short stories told by a group of 29 pilgrims on their way to the tomb of Saint Thomas à Becket at Canterbury

6. Education in the Renaissance
How did a humanist education prepare a student for life?
Enabled individuals to reach their full potential.
According to humanists, what is the purpose of a liberal education?
To produce individuals who would act with virtue and wisdom.

7. The Artistic Renaissance in Italy
How did Renaissance paintings differ from medieval paintings?
Medieval paintings were flat and lifeless; in Renaissance paintings, perspective gave the illusion of depth and individual people were realistically portrayed

8. The Artistic Renaissance in Italy
Masaccio. The Crucifixion of St. Peter. The Beheading of St. John the Baptist.

9. The Artistic Renaissance in Italy
Donatello
Realistic, free-standing stautes
Donatello, David, 1430 – 32.
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10. The Artistic Renaissance in Italy
Filippo Brunelleschi
Created architecture to fit human, not divine, needs
Brunelleschi, Dome of Florence Cathedral, 1414 – 36.

11. The Artistic Renaissance in Italy
Three artistic giants are associated with this period:
Leonardo da Vinci
Raphael
Michelangelo

12. The Artistic Renaissance in Italy
Leonardo da Vinci
Mastered the art of realistic painting
Dissected human bodies to see how they worked
Goal was to create idealized forms that would show the perfection of nature and the individual

13. The Artistic Renaissance in Italy
Leonardo da Vinci. The Last Supper, 1495.

14. The Artistic Renaissance in Italy
Raphael
Tried to achieve ideal beauty
Well-known for madonnas (paintings of the Virgin Mary) and frescoes in the Vatican Palace

15. The Artistic Renaissance in Italy
Raphael.  The School of Athens

16. The Artistic Renaissance in Italy
Michelangelo
Accomplished painter, sculptor, and architect
Famous figures on the ceiling of the Sistine Chapel show an ideal type of human being with perfect proportions

17. The Artistic Renaissance in Italy
Censored
The Creation of Adam. Michelangelo

18. The Northern Artistic Renaissance
How did the technique of Northern Renaissance painters differ from those of the Italian Renaissance?
Realistic portrayal of the world
Masters at painting details
Why was Jan van Eyck’s use of oil painting significant?
Enabled him to use a wide variety of colors to create fine details

19. The Northern Artistic Renaissance
The Virgin of Chancellor Rolin, 1435, Jan Van Eyck

20. Organizing Your Thoughts
Architecture
Inspired by classical Rome
Churches created to fit human, not divine needs
Sculpture
Studied and copied the statues of Greeks and Romans
Realistic, free-standing figures

21. Organizing Your Thoughts
Painting
Laws of perspective, which helped them create the illusion of three dimensions
Depth
People portrayed realistically
High Renaissance
Went beyond realism
Idealized forms that showed perfection of nature and the individual