Causes of the War 1. nationalism and Alsace-Lorraine ources/docs/TrenchwarefareinWWI.pdf ources/docs/TrenchwarefareinWWI.pdf 2. alliances 3. Austria-Hungry and Serbia

Conditions Facing Soldiers 1. new weapons- 2. trench warfare-

Reasons for U.S. Involvement 1. German threats 2. U-boats 3. Lusitania

Look at the picture on page 280. What does the image tell you about the mood of the WWI era?

The United States remained neutral at first. Why did the U.S. decide to enter the war and fight on the side of the Allies?

What was the Zimmerman note and why did it surprise the U.S.?

World War One

WWI WWI is also known as The Great War or the war to end all wars The MAIN causes existed before the war took place. They were building up to a major conflict

M Germany starts an arms race because of militarism. They wanted their military to be the BEST!! In 1914, Germany had the world’s largest collection of guns and this made Great Britain nervous…the race WAS ON!

A Before the war started, Europe was divided into two alliances. The Triple Alliance- Germany, Austria-Hungary, and Italy and The Triple Entente- France, Russia, and Great Britain (entente is the French word for alliance)

I & N European countries were competing for colonies. They wanted to take their natural resources and create markets. Nationalism: This is also known as pride and devotion for your country.

Colonies by WWI

Nationalism!

The Spark! June 28, 1914= Francis Ferdinand is assassinated July 28, 1914= Austria-Hungary declares war on Serbia

Union or Death!

Archduke Francis Ferdinand assassinated. Austria Hungary declares war on Serbia. Russia declares war on Austria-Hungary Germany declares war on Russia. France comes to the defense of Russia Germany goes through neutral Belgium to get to France Belgium is allied with Great Britain, so they declare war on Germany and WWI begins…

The Fighting Begins! As the fighting continues in Europe, trenches are dug and machine guns are used. 450 miles of trenches stretched from the coast of Belgium to the border of Switzerland *this became known as the Western Front. A stalemate (or stop in fighting) was caused by: 1. ineffective offense 2. defensive weapons

The United States and the War As European powers are fighting, Wilson says he wants to remain NEUTRAL. There are three main American positions: 1. Isolationists 2. Interventionists 3. Internationalists (Pg come up with three points for your argument)

The U.S. goes to WAR… German threats- U-boats- Germany sank the Lusitania and the Zimmerman Note- pg.291

POP Quiz 1. In WWI, who made up the Triple Entente? 2. What was the “spark” that started WWI? 3. The nearly 450 miles of trenches from the coast of Belgium to the border of Switzerland was known as what… 4. List the three American positions about entering WWI.

The Home Front America declares war on April 6, As America begins to fight, things greatly change for Americans at home.

Major changes at home: 1. Building an ARMY. Congress passed the Selective Service Act which authorized a draft of young men for military service in Europe. During the course of WWI, 24 million Americans registered for the draft and more than 4 million were sent to help the Allies in France.

2. A changing ECONOMY America shifts from a peacetime to a wartime economy. With this changing economy, the U.S. government determined: 1. what crops farmers grew 2. what products industries produced 3. how supplies moved on trains *a big change from the Industrial Revolution…

Opposition on the home front: 1. PACIFISTS - oppose war for any reason 2. RESISTANCE TO THE DRAFT- almost 12% of men who received draft notices never responded to them!

3. Conscientious objectors- people whose moral or religious beliefs forbid them to fight in wars 4. Women working for peace- group of American women opposing the war. Once the United States joined the Allies, however, many started to support the war.

How does the United States government crack down on the opposition? Espionage Act- The post office could ban certain materials from the mail Sedition Act- Americans could not use “disloyal, profane, or abusive language” about America *pg. 300

Wilson, War, and Peace American entry into the war plays a key role in Allied victory. *The United States helped end the STALEMATE on the WESTERN FRONT. Remember: Who were the winning allies? Who were the Allied Powers?

Towards the end of WWI… What’s the deal with RUSSIA?? 1) Revolution in late ) Vladimir Lenin takes over in Russia and the country stops fighting in WWI 3) Russia changes sides (made a pact with Germany)

President Wilson’s response to Lenin= “peace without victory” and Wilson writes his famous “Fourteen Points”. In the Fourteen points, Wilson states that he really wants the League of Nations to help keep the peace after WWI. And so the Versailles conference begins…

Versailles Conference Sit with the delegates from your country! Discuss your paper- do you all want the same things? Decide what you will ask for during the conference… Break into mini-conferences (assigned by teacher)

Versailles Conference #1= Introduce yourself #2= Each delegate will fill out their own green worksheet- results of WWI. What should the Treaty say? You must all agree! *Bonus points to the group that gets the most correct! #3= Go over correct options as a class #4= Write up your official Treaty of Versailles *All members must participate in drafting the treaty and sign to earn credit!

Results of WWI The goal of Wilson’s 14 Points= “Peace without Victory” The Allied leaders do not like many of Wilson’s ideas… they want peace AND victory At the conference, Allies want reparations They make Germany pay!

Results continued… Wilson goes home from Paris and the Senate REJECTS the Treaty of Versailles What happens to the League of Nations? Without American support of the treaty, the League of Nations was not able to keep the peace…