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Early Rome

The Legend of Rome Twin brothers Twin brothers Remus Remus Romulus Romulus Abandoned along the Tiber River Abandoned along the Tiber River Raised by a She-Wolf Raised by a She-Wolf

The Beginnings of Rome Founded along the Tiber River. Founded along the Tiber River. Fertile soil Fertile soil Settlers arrived between BC Settlers arrived between BC 3 groups 3 groups Latins Latins Greeks Greeks Etruscans Etruscans

Three Periods in Roman History Age of Kings B.C. Age of Kings B.C. Age of the Republic B.C. Age of the Republic B.C. Age of the Roman Empire- 30 B.C.- A.D. 476 Age of the Roman Empire- 30 B.C.- A.D. 476

The Early Republic 600 BC 600 BC An Etruscan becomes King An Etruscan becomes King Tarquin the Proud Tarquin the Proud Formed a Republic Formed a Republic A form of government in which power rests with citizens who have the power to vote to select their leaders A form of government in which power rests with citizens who have the power to vote to select their leaders

Class Struggles Patricians Patricians The aristocratic landowners who held most of the power. The aristocratic landowners who held most of the power. Plebeians Plebeians The common farmers, artisans, and merchants who made up the majority of the population. The common farmers, artisans, and merchants who made up the majority of the population.

Roman Government Twelve Tables Twelve Tables Established all Roman citizens had the protection of the law Established all Roman citizens had the protection of the law Written down in stone (literally) Written down in stone (literally)

Consuls Consuls 2 Consuls 2 Consuls One controlled the Government One controlled the Government One controlled the army One controlled the army Term only 1 year long Term only 1 year long

Tribunes Tribunes Elected official who represented the plebeians Elected official who represented the plebeians The Senate The Senate Aristocratic Branch Aristocratic Branch Assemblies Assemblies Democratic Branch Democratic Branch Centuriate Centuriate Tribal Tribal Dictator Dictator Elected during times of crisis Elected during times of crisis

Legion Legion 5,000 heavily armed foot soldiers 5,000 heavily armed foot soldiers

Government of Conquered Lands 1. Full Citizenship 2. Partial Citizenship No voting No voting 3. Allies

Rome’s Commercial Network Easy access to the Mediterranean Sea Easy access to the Mediterranean Sea Traded with other areas to get what they lacked. Traded with other areas to get what they lacked. Their trading also interfered with other civilizations at the time Their trading also interfered with other civilizations at the time Carthage Carthage

War with Carthage Known as the Punic Wars Known as the Punic Wars Rome and Carthage go to war in 264 BC Rome and Carthage go to war in 264 BC War lasted till 146 BC War lasted till 146 BC

The Punic Wars were divided into 3 separate wars: The Punic Wars were divided into 3 separate wars: 1 st Punic War 1 st Punic War Over Sicily Over Sicily Very fertile soil Very fertile soil Rome wins Rome wins Gained its first province overseas. Gained its first province overseas.

2 nd Punic War 2 nd Punic War Hannibal Hannibal Carthaginian General Carthaginian General Gathered 50,000 infantrymen, 9,000 cavalry, and 60 elephants and crossed the alps Gathered 50,000 infantrymen, 9,000 cavalry, and 60 elephants and crossed the alps Intent on capturing Rome Intent on capturing Rome

Cannae 216 BC Cannae 216 BC Hannibal’s greatest victory Hannibal’s greatest victory Never captured Rome Never captured Rome Roman general Scipio attacks Carthage Roman general Scipio attacks Carthage Hannibal retreats back to Carthage to defend it Hannibal retreats back to Carthage to defend it Hannibal loses at Zama in 202 BC Hannibal loses at Zama in 202 BC

3 rd Punic War ( BC) 3 rd Punic War ( BC) Carthage was not a threat any longer Carthage was not a threat any longer Carthage began to flourish once again Carthage began to flourish once again Romans still bitter Romans still bitter Cato the Elder urged for the destruction of Carthage Cato the Elder urged for the destruction of Carthage Sent troops over and they burned the city Sent troops over and they burned the city

Result of conquering Carthage Result of conquering Carthage Rome now controlled the Mediterranean Rome now controlled the Mediterranean Macedonia Macedonia Greece Greece Parts of Anatolia Parts of Anatolia