1. 6.1: Early Romans Create a Republic

3. Legend- Rome was founded by twins Romulus & Remus in 753 B.C

4. Romans modeled their philosophy & lit. after Greece (Zeus became Jupiter) What things are named after Roman gods?

5. The Early Republic Last king (Tarquin) was replaced by a republic= a form of gov’t which power rests w/ citizens who have the right to vote to select their leaders

6. Struggles for power in the early republic  Patricians= $ (minority)  Plebeians= little $ (majority)  Unwritten laws= unfair ruling of plebeians  12 tables= 1st written laws of Rome- publicly displayed land owners who held most of the power farmers, artisans, &merchants

7. Gov’t Under the Republic  2 consuls controlled army & gov’t; 1yr term (powerful officials elected each year to command the army and direct the gov’t)  Senate- 300 members (term held for life)  Assemblies- all citizen-soldiers; appointed consuls  Praetors- 8 judges (criminal & civil)  Legal Code- 12 Tables

8. Dictator- Chosen by consuls, elected by senate in times of crisis; term lasted 6 mo

9. Assemblies- all citizen-soldiers (appointed the consuls) Senate- 300 members Serve for life 2 consuls controlled army & gov’t; 1yr term Dictator- Chosen by consuls, elected by senate in times of crisis; term lasted 6 mo

10. Roman Senate

11. Roman Army  All landowners had to serve  Organized into legions= infantry & cavalry

12. Rome Spreads its Power  3 Punic Wars: Rome v. Carthage on/off about 100 yrs; Rome defeated Carthage (Rome won all 3 wars) Hannibal, a Carthigan General, almost captured Rome during the 2 nd Punic War

13.  Who founded the city of Rome?  Who did the Romans improve on?  What characterizes a republic as a form of gov’t?  Difference b/t plebeians & patricians?  Who commanded the army & directed the gov’t?  What about during times of crisis?  What is the huge military unit?  What were the Punic Wars?  What is the evidence that Hannibal was an excellent military strategist?