1. Copyright © 2013 SCKCEN MYRRHA Design overview Didier De Bruyn (SCKCEN) didier.de.bruyn@sckcen.be LEADER technical workshop Petten, 27-28 February 2013

2. Copyright © 2013 SCKCEN Acknowledgements This presentation is based on the FP7 CDT work, performed with my colleagues & partners, among others: Rafaël Fernandez (SCKCEN), Luigi Mansani (Ansaldo), Antony Woaye-Hune (AREVA), Massimo Sarotto (ENEA) & Evaldas Bubelis (KIT) for the primary systems and Jeroen Engelen (SCKCEN), Alberto Ortega & Manuel Perezagua Aguado (Empresarios Agrupados) for the building design The authors acknowledge the European Commission for funding the CDT project in its 7th Framework Programme.

3. Copyright © 2013 SCKCEN Contents Purpose of the MYRRHA project at SCKCEN Genesis & evolution of MYRRHA within the FP projects Conclusions related to primary system & illustrations Conclusions related to building design & plant layout & illustrations Way ahead to construction & conclusions 3

4. Copyright © 2013 SCKCEN Reactor Subcritical / critical mode 65 to 100 MW th Accelerator 600 MeV - 4 mA proton Fast Neutron Source Spallation Source Lead-Bismuth coolant Multipurpose Flexible Irradiation Facility MYRRHA is an Accelerator Driven System 4 Innovative & Unique

5. Copyright © 2013 SCKCEN Continuity: SCKCEN has a long tradition of «first of a kind» 5 Inventor of innovative nuclear fuel (MOX fuel) 1st pressurized water reactor (PWR) outside of US (BR3) World first underground laboratory for R&D on HL waste disposal (HADES) World premiere project for transmutation of nuclear waste Highest performing material testing reactor in Europe (BR2) World first lead based ADS (GUINEVERE)

6. Copyright © 2013 SCKCEN MYRRHA – a multipurpose facility M ultipurpose h Y brid R esearch R eactor for H igh-tech A pplications Waste Fission GEN IV Fusion Fundamental research Silicon doping Radio- isotopes 50 to 100 MWth  Fast = ~10 15 n/cm².s (En>0.75 MeV)  = 1 to 5.10 14 n/cm².s (ppm He/dpa ~ 10) in medium-large volumes Material research  Fast = 1 to 5.10 14 n/cm².s (En>1 MeV) in large volumes Fuel research Φ tot = 0.5 to 1.10 15 n/cm².s  th = 0.5 to 2.10 15 n/cm².s (En<0.4 eV)  th = 0.1 to 1.10 14 n/cm².s (En<0.4 eV) High energy LINAC 600 MeV – 1 GeV Long irradiation time 6

7. Copyright © 2013 SCKCEN ALLEGRO Experimental reactor (GFR) ASTRID Prototype (SFR) 200820122020 SFR Supporting infrastructures, research facilities MYRRHA ETPP European demonstration reactor (LFR) Reference technology Alternative technology LFR GFR The place of MYRRHA in ESNII European Sustainable Nuclear Industrial Initiative MYRRHA Fast spectrum irradiation facility 7

8. Copyright © 2013 SCKCEN Contents Purpose of the MYRRHA project at SCKCEN Genesis & evolution of MYRRHA within the FP projects Conclusions related to primary system & illustrations Conclusions related to building design & plant layout & illustrations Way ahead to construction & conclusions 8

9. Copyright © 2013 SCKCEN Genesis 1995 – 1997: ADONIS Coupling accelerator – target – subcritical core Dedicated to production of Mo-99 Coolant = water, target = U-235, thermal spectrum 150 MeV, 1.5 MW th 1998 – 2005: MYRRHA MTR for fuel & material research, feasibility of transmutation & demonstration of ADS principle Coolant & target = Pb-Bi, fast spectrum 350 MeV, 30 MW th (2002)  52 MW th (2005) 2005 – 2009: FP6 IP-EUROTRANS version XT-ADS 2009 – 2012: FP7 CDT version FASTEF 9

10. Copyright © 2013 SCKCEN MYRRHA design evolution MYRRHA 2005 XT-ADS 2009 FASTEF 2012  10

11. Copyright © 2013 SCKCEN The CDT project aimed at going further: Starting from the outcome of different FP projects (PDS-XADS, EUROTRANS) and national initiatives (MYRRHA), Obtain a more advanced design of a flexible irradiation facility, FASTEF, able to work in both sub-critical and critical mode, Setting also up a centralised multi-disciplinary team, based at Mol for its core group, Concentrating on primary and core systems and on reactor building design & plant layout, The project started in April 2009 for a duration of 36 months. 11

12. Copyright © 2013 SCKCEN Contents Purpose of the MYRRHA project at SCKCEN Genesis & evolution of MYRRHA within the FP projects Conclusions related to primary system & illustrations Conclusions related to building design & plant layout & illustrations Way ahead to construction & conclusions 12

13. Copyright © 2013 SCKCEN FASTEF is a performing, rubust facility Maximum core power amounts 100 MWth; High fast flux intensity obtained by maximizing power density; Many positions available in the core to host experiments; All components in reactor vessel designed to be removable; Diaphragm separates hot and cold coolant; Safety analyses demonstrate robustness against transients. 13

14. Copyright © 2013 SCKCEN Reactor Vessel Reactor Cover Core Support Structure Core Barrel Core Support Plate Jacket Core Reflector Assemblies Dummy Assemblies Fuel Assemblies Spallation Target Assembly and Beam Line Above Core Structure Core Plug Multifunctional Channels Core Restraint System Control Rods, Safety Rods, Mo-99 production units Primary Heat Exchangers Primary Pumps Si-doping Facility Diaphragm IVFS IVFHS IVFHM Reactor layout 14

15. Copyright © 2013 SCKCEN Reactor Vessel 15 Main dimensions Height: about 12.200 m Inner diameter: 8 m Wall thickness: 80 mm Material AISI 316L Weight About 320 ton

16. Copyright © 2013 SCKCEN Reactor Cover 16 Main dimensions Height: 2 m Outer diameter: 9.3 m Material AISI 316L Concrete Weight About 340 ton

17. Copyright © 2013 SCKCEN Reactor Cover 17

18. Copyright © 2013 SCKCEN Diaphragm 18 Main dimensions Double plate design Baffle In-vessel fuel storage Height: about 9.8 m Inner diameter: 7.7 m Wall thickness: 50 mm Lower plate thickness: 80 mm Upper plate thickness: 50 mm Material AISI 316L Weight About 190 ton

19. Copyright © 2013 SCKCEN Core and Fuel Assemblies 19 151 positions & 37 multifunctional plugs

20. Copyright © 2013 SCKCEN Contents Purpose of the MYRRHA project at SCKCEN Genesis & evolution of MYRRHA within the FP projects Conclusions related to primary system & illustrations Conclusions related to building design & plant layout & illustrations Way ahead to construction & conclusions 20

21. Copyright © 2013 SCKCEN Building design & plant layout have been optimized: The plant comprises a front-end accelerator building, a LINAC tunnel, a RF gallery, a reactor building (total length about 450 m) and several auxiliaries; room should be kept for future extensions; Within the reactor building, several workflows have been considered (entry of experiments, fuel & components; evacuation of experiments & commercial productions, spent fuel & waste); Short-term activities (production of medical radioisotopes & silicon ingots) should not interfere with long-term operations (irradiations); So the whole facility should be versatile and flexible, therefore complex. 21

22. Copyright © 2013 SCKCEN Today’s concept of plant layout REACTOR BUILDING FRONT-END ACCELERATOR LINAC + RF GALLERY 22

23. Copyright © 2013 SCKCEN General layout 23 BR1 LHMA TCH BR2 EUR GKD HWP

24. Copyright © 2013 SCKCEN Vertical section in the Reactor building SECTION BB 24

25. Copyright © 2013 SCKCEN Contents Purpose of the MYRRHA project at SCKCEN Genesis & evolution of MYRRHA within the FP projects Conclusions related to primary system & illustrations Conclusions related to building design & plant layout & illustrations Way ahead to construction & conclusions 25

26. Copyright © 2013 SCKCEN The project schedule 2010 – 2014: Front End Engineering Design; file for the Belgian Government 2015: Tendering & Procurement 2016 – 2018: Civil Engineering & construction of components 2019: On site assembly 2020 – 2022: Commissioning at progressive power 2023: Progressive start-up 2024 – 20??: Full exploitation 26

27. Copyright © 2013 SCKCEN Conclusions MYRRHA is conceived as a flexible fast spectrum irradiation facility; Able to work in sub-critical and critical mode; foreseen to be in full operation by 2024; Operated in the first years as an Accelerator Driven System to demonstrate the ADS technology and the efficient demonstration of Minor Actinides in subcritical mode. In function of needs, MYRRHA can also work as a critical flexible fast spectrum irradiation facility. MYRRHA will be able to significantly contribute to the development of LFR Technology; Will play the role of European Technology Pilot Plant in the roadmap for LFR. This project is intended to be organised as an international open user facility. 27

28. Copyright © 2013 SCKCEN MYRRHA is an international project 28

29. Copyright © 2013 SCKCEN Copyright © 2013 - SCK  CEN PLEASE NOTE! This presentation contains data, information and formats for dedicated use ONLY and may not be copied, distributed or cited without the explicit permission of the SCKCEN. If this has been obtained, please reference it as a “personal communication. By courtesy of SCKCEN”. SCKCEN Studiecentrum voor Kernenergie Centre d'Etude de l'Energie Nucléaire Belgian Nuclear Research Centre Stichting van Openbaar Nut Fondation d'Utilité Publique Foundation of Public Utility Registered Office: Avenue Herrmann-Debrouxlaan 40 – BE-1160 BRUSSELS Operational Office: Boeretang 200 – BE-2400 MOL