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KIT – University of the State of Baden-Wuerttemberg and National Research Center of the Helmholtz Association Institute for Nuclear and Energy Technologies.

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Presentation on theme: "KIT – University of the State of Baden-Wuerttemberg and National Research Center of the Helmholtz Association Institute for Nuclear and Energy Technologies."— Presentation transcript:

1 KIT – University of the State of Baden-Wuerttemberg and National Research Center of the Helmholtz Association Institute for Nuclear and Energy Technologies www.kit.edu Experimental investigation of a free surface spallation target window for a heavy liquid metal cooled ADS K. Litfin, A. Batta, A. G. Class, Th. Wetzel May 3, 2011

2 Institute for Nuclear and Energy Technologies 2Karsten Litfin www.kit.edu Experimental investigation of a free surface spallation target window for a heavy liquid metal cooled ADS Contents Introduction Target design Numerical study Experiments Conclusion The Integrated Project EUROTRANS (EUROpean Research Programme for the TRANSmutation of High Level Nuclear Waste in Accelerator Driven System) aims to demonstrate feasibility of transmutation in an advanced 50 to 100 MW th facility. SCK·CEN

3 Institute for Nuclear and Energy Technologies 3Karsten Litfin www.kit.edu Experimental investigation of a free surface spallation target window for a heavy liquid metal cooled ADS Introduction MYRRHA fast spectrum research reactor (50-100 MW th ) sub-critical ADS 600MeV proton accelerator Spallation target LBE pool type reactor Time schedule Design and licensing 2010-2014 Construction 2015-2022 Full power operation2023 Costs: 960 M€ MYRRHA design SCK·CEN

4 Institute for Nuclear and Energy Technologies 4Karsten Litfin www.kit.edu Experimental investigation of a free surface spallation target window for a heavy liquid metal cooled ADS Target design Illustration of target inserted into reactor core replacing 3 fuel assemblies Layout of the loop with three free surfaces and level control by two pumps SCK·CEN

5 Institute for Nuclear and Energy Technologies 5Karsten Litfin www.kit.edu Experimental investigation of a free surface spallation target window for a heavy liquid metal cooled ADS Small nozzle outer angle: small radial momentum small recirculation zone Forced detachment: Sharp edge of nozzle free falling jet weak influence from outflow Converging nozzle vacuum at nozzle outlet acceleration compensates gravity and prohibits cavitation Feeder friction fins enlarge pressure head and suppress cavitation Target design rules

6 Institute for Nuclear and Energy Technologies 6Karsten Litfin www.kit.edu Experimental investigation of a free surface spallation target window for a heavy liquid metal cooled ADS Target experiment design Different designs were discussed in DEMETRA project. Changes in the last design steps are: Shorter feeder to enable higher mass flow rate Slightly modified beam pipe at the tip and outer radius to get higher acceleration to avoid cavitation for lower flow rates.

7 Institute for Nuclear and Energy Technologies 7Karsten Litfin www.kit.edu Experimental investigation of a free surface spallation target window for a heavy liquid metal cooled ADS Numerical study setup Standard high Re k-  -turbulence model Cavitation model: Volume of Fluid Phase change described by Rayleigh model (bubble growth) Constant fluid properties for each phase High resolution interface capturing Grid independence and turbulence model effect have been analyzed Domain selected based on symmetry consideration 1.8°geometry and mesh ~ 20.000 cells 180°geometry and mesh ~ 500.000 cells

8 Institute for Nuclear and Energy Technologies 8Karsten Litfin www.kit.edu Experimental investigation of a free surface spallation target window for a heavy liquid metal cooled ADS Velocity vectors near inlet; comparison of HLM vapour volume fraction velocity vectors, asymmetric 1.69 m/s1.89 m/s 10.3 l/s Symmetric 10.3 l/s Asymmetric Numerical study results Comparison of 1.8° and 180° domain shows negligible asymmetries Small domain saves up to 90% calculation time

9 Institute for Nuclear and Energy Technologies 9Karsten Litfin www.kit.edu Experimental investigation of a free surface spallation target window for a heavy liquid metal cooled ADS 1010 VVF 1.79 m/s 1.42 m/s Numerical study results Comparison of different inlet velocity Effect on the vapour volume fraction (VVF) for the 1.8° and 180° domains

10 Institute for Nuclear and Energy Technologies 10Karsten Litfin www.kit.edu Experimental investigation of a free surface spallation target window for a heavy liquid metal cooled ADS Numerical study conclusions Results of different tested codes (StarCD, StarCCM+, CFX) deliver near similar results Different domains with 1.8° and 180° sector of the target show near identical results. This increases confidence in the codes and the selected domains. For low asymmetry of the studied range (11%) virtually no changes of the free surface location are observed. The simulations show that the proposed target geometry is delivering a robust flow. It represents a promising candidate for a real target. More details -> Abdalla Batta

11 Institute for Nuclear and Energy Technologies 11Karsten Litfin www.kit.edu Experimental investigation of a free surface spallation target window for a heavy liquid metal cooled ADS Experimental facility at KALLA (Karlsruhe Liquid Metal Laboratory) LBE Loop THEADES (Thermalhydraulics and ADS Design) Technical details: Temperature190°C - 450°C Flow rate47 m³/h Pressure5,9 bar Test ports3 Port height3400 mm O2 Control LBE-Inventory4 m³ (42 to) Inner tube diameter107mm Thermal power loss at 200°C9,0 kW at 300°C14,5 kW

12 Institute for Nuclear and Energy Technologies 12Karsten Litfin www.kit.edu Experimental investigation of a free surface spallation target window for a heavy liquid metal cooled ADS Target components

13 Institute for Nuclear and Energy Technologies 13Karsten Litfin www.kit.edu Experimental investigation of a free surface spallation target window for a heavy liquid metal cooled ADS Component assembly

14 Institute for Nuclear and Energy Technologies 14Karsten Litfin www.kit.edu Experimental investigation of a free surface spallation target window for a heavy liquid metal cooled ADS Experimental results Start up, flow rate 0 l/s - 2.8 l/s Free surface, flow rate 4.6 l/s Operating conditions, flow rate 8.1 l/s Free surface, flow rate 8.1 l/s

15 Institute for Nuclear and Energy Technologies 15Karsten Litfin www.kit.edu Experimental investigation of a free surface spallation target window for a heavy liquid metal cooled ADS Experimental results Comparison of different flow rates 4.6 l/s5.8 l/s7.0 l/s8.1 l/s Stable surface for flow rates > 7 l/s No cavitation even for low flow rates

16 Institute for Nuclear and Energy Technologies 16Karsten Litfin www.kit.edu Experimental investigation of a free surface spallation target window for a heavy liquid metal cooled ADS Conclusion Experiments show stable free surface for the target design No cavitation Experimental results agree with CFD Measured data has to be evaluated and compared with numerical predictions Outlook Enhanced instrumentation Numerical investigation of the complete target Acknowledgements FP6 EC Integrated Project EUROTRANS no. FI6W-CT-2004- 516520. FP7 Thermal-Hydraulics of Innovative Nuclear Systems (THINS), Grant 249337

17 Institute for Nuclear and Energy Technologies 17Karsten Litfin www.kit.edu Experimental investigation of a free surface spallation target window for a heavy liquid metal cooled ADS

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