1. Apples of Discord 1844- 1854

2. Pat Points… The US will conquer Mexico, but it will be as the man (who) swallows arsenic…Mexico will poison us. The US will conquer Mexico, but it will be as the man (who) swallows arsenic…Mexico will poison us. Ralph Waldo Emerson Ralph Waldo Emerson

3. Standards & Essential Question SSUSH 8 The student will explain the relationship between growing north-south divisions and western expansion: c: Describe the nullification crisis and the emergence of states rights ideology, include the role of John C. Calhoun & development of sectionalism & e: explain the compromise of 1850 SSUSH 8 The student will explain the relationship between growing north-south divisions and western expansion: c: Describe the nullification crisis and the emergence of states rights ideology, include the role of John C. Calhoun & development of sectionalism & e: explain the compromise of 1850 Question: What does “domestic institution of the state” refer to? Why did the Missouri compromise fail? Question: What does “domestic institution of the state” refer to? Why did the Missouri compromise fail?

4. Congressional debate “domestic institution of the state” proposing a constitutional amendment The District of Columbia Fugitive Slave Act of 1793 Interstate Commerce Act Foreign slave trade

5. Free Soil Party Free Soil! Free Speech! Free Labor! Free Men!  “Barnburners” – discontented northern Democrats.  Anti-slave members of the Liberty and Whig Parties.  Opposition to the extension of slavery in the new territories!  “Barnburners” – discontented northern Democrats.  Anti-slave members of the Liberty and Whig Parties.  Opposition to the extension of slavery in the new territories! WHY?

6. The Mexican Cession

7. Upsetting the Missouri Compromise Wilmot Provisio David Wilmot John C. Calhoun Free-soil Party

8. Election of 1848 Democrats Lewis Cass Whigs Zachary Taylor Free soil Party Martin Van Buren

9. The 1848 Presidential Election Results √

10. California Gold Rush James Marshall Forty-niners The demand for statehood Opposition to admission

11. GOLD! At Sutter’s Mill, 1848 John A. Sutter

12. California Gold Rush, 1849 49er’s

13. Two Views of San Francisco, Early 1850s  By 1860, almost 300,000 people had traveled the Oregon & California Trails to the Pacific coast.

14. Pat Points…Essential Question What were the lasting results from the CA Gold Rush? What events would be debated in Congress as a result? Which groups of people made their fortunes? What were the lasting results from the CA Gold Rush? What events would be debated in Congress as a result? Which groups of people made their fortunes?

15. Taylor’s Administration California New Mexico The Great Compromiser Clay’s Omnibus Bill Failure Daniel Webster “Fire-eaters & John C. Calhoun” “Fire-eaters & John C. Calhoun”

16. Compromise The death of Taylor Millard Fillmore as President The Compromise of 1850 Stephen Douglas Six components

17. End of an era Fire-eaters & Abolitionists Northern democrats Election of 1852

18. Franklin Pierce

19. President Franklin Pierce Jefferson Davis Transcontinental Railroad James Gadsden Determining a route

20. Territorial Growth to 1853

21. Stephen Douglas Kansas-Nebraska territory “popular-sovereignty” “popular-sovereignty” Kansas-Nebraska Act Whigs

22. The New Republican Party Anti- Kansas-Nebraska Transcontinental RR-Central route Homestead Act High protective tariff Liberal immigration policy