1. News: http://www.youtube.com/watch?NR=1&v=0Ceci3c67rc&fea ture=endscreen http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rCp7ZVYBjpk 19/03/2013Lic. Luz Marina Zubizarreta Aguero

2. There is always a connection between the past and the present. This is why the present perfect is known as the "bridge tense". It can help to visualize a tense on a timeline: Past Now Future 19/03/2013Lic. Luz Marina Zubizarreta Aguero

3. Present Perfect is usually used to talk about the past in relation to the present. It suggests a connection between something that happened in the past and a present time, often referring to an action in the past which has a result now, e.g: Venezuelan Hugo Chavez has died. Yorkshire river has flooded the city. A man´s died next to the bridge. I have cut my finger. A tourist has died in Colca Valley trekking. The new Pope hasn`t been elected yet Lic. Luz Marina Zubizarreta Aguero Subject + Have (has) + Past participle 19/03/2013

4.  We often use the present perfect to give ‘new’ information, reporting events that have occurred just before the present time, e.g: There’s been a serious accident in La Marina avenue.  and is often used to report information in news reports, to talk about `headlines` of news, e.g: The congress has just met to take a decision about jail laws. The president has had a heart attack. (explain when, where, why, etc), also can be used past perfect, past simple and passive. John F Kennedy was assassinated. A business man has been assassinated. Lic. Luz Marina Zubizarreta Aguero19/03/2013

5.  The present perfect is often used with time expressions which indicate a period of time that continues from the past until now, e.g: for a long time, since, for, lately. The tourism in Cusco has gotten down since January because of the vandalism. Many flights have been delayed and people have waited for a long time. Some people say that Tourism in our country has increased lately. Lic. Luz Marina Zubizarreta Aguero19/03/2013

6.  We can however use the present perfect with time expressions which include the present time such as today, this morning/ year/ month, week, etc., to talk about events or states that may not be finished at the time of speaking, e.g: I’ve answered the phone six times this afternoon. Have people gone to the beach this summer?  However, the present perfect cannot be used with adverbials that indicate a specific point in time in the past. Compare, e.g: I cut my finger yesterday. Paula got a new job last week. Lic. Luz Marina Zubizarreta Aguero19/03/2013

7. Lic. Luz Marina Zubizarreta Aguero19/03/2013

8. Instructions: Work in pairs: read carefully the practice and complete the activities, then check with your partners. (20 minutes) Lic. Luz Marina Zubizarreta Aguero19/03/2013

9. http://www.onestopenglish.com/grammar/grammar- reference/verbs-and-tenses/present-perfect-aspect- article/152812.article http://www.eltbase.com/vtr_display_b.php?type= print&lpoint[]=24 http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SO_CMGS0Icg (grammar explanation) Lic. Luz Marina Zubizarreta Aguero19/03/2013