1. Map Projections, Types of Maps Latitude and Longitude

2. Map projections Project a round globe onto a flat surface Options?
Stretch out some areas
Cut out some areas
Shrink some areas

3. Map projections Three properties to consider Area Shape Distance
How large is an area?
What is the purpose of the map?

4. Cylindrical projections
Shapes are preserved
But not area!
Mercator projection

5. Example of Mercator Projection

6. Mercator Projection Accurate near equator Distortion towards poles
Distortion in distances between regions
Major Size distortion near poles
Example: Greenland

7. Planar projections Good for navigation Only good for one hemisphere
Distorts area, not shape

8. Conic projections Best for hemispheres or small regions
Area and shape only slightly distorted

9. Types of Maps
Political: Represent boundaries between countries and cities
Physical: Show detailed features of Earth’s Surface
Topographical: Show shape and elevation only
Climate: Show weather over a long period of time

10. Political Map

11. Physical Map

12. Topographic Map

13. Climate Map

14. Quick Review of Latitude and Longitude
Measured in degrees North and South of the Equator.
Lines drawn parallel to each other running west to east.
Used to determine time zones

15. Quick Review of Latitude and Longitude
Measured in degrees East or West of the prime meridian.
Lines drawn running North and South.

16. Prime Meridian
Line that divides the Earth into Eastern and Western Hemispheres
Line by which all lines of longitude are measured
In Greenwich England

17. The Equator
Imaginary line that divides the Earth into Northern and Southern Hemispheres
Receives most direct sunlight