1. STD’s

2. Statistics
•One in two sexually active young people will get an STD by the age of 25.
•Most young people with STDs don’t even know they have them. Getting tested is the only way to know for sure.
•STDs are really common -- every year there are more than 19 million new cases in the U.S.
•Left untreated, some STDs can cause infertility or increase your risk of getting cancer
•More than 50 percent of sexually active people will get HPV at some point during their lives.

3. Bacterial vs. Viral Bacterial can be cured Viral can not be cured,
but symptoms can be alleviated

4. Bacterial
Chlamydia
Gonorrhea-"the clap"
Syphilis
Trichomoniasis

5. Viral
Human Papillomavirus-HPV
Hepatitis
HIV/AIDS
Herpes

6. What to know?
STD
Symptoms, Complications, how it is spread, treatment

7. Chlamydia A common sexually transmitted disease (STD)
Often has no symptoms
Easily treated
Easily spread with or without symptoms.
Condoms offer good protection
About 3 million Americans become infected each year.
Can infect the penis, vagina, cervix, anus, urethra, eye, or throat.

8. Symptoms-Usually None
Women-3 out of 4 no symptoms
Men-Half no symptoms
abdominal pain
abnormal vaginal discharge
bleeding between menstrual periods
low-grade fever
painful intercourse
pain or a burning feeling while urinating
swelling inside the vagina or around the anus
the urge to urinate more than usual
vaginal bleeding after intercourse
pain or a burning feeling while urinating
milky discharge from the penis
swollen or tender testicles
swelling around the anus

9. Complications Women Men
Infertility, Pelvic Inflammatory Disease, Potential fatal ectopic pregnancy.
Woman can pass to baby (can cause pneumonia and pink eye in babies)
Epididymitis, if not treated can lead to sterility.
Rarely, it leads to a condition called reactive arthritis.

10. How is it spread? Vaginal and Anal Intercourse Rarely during oral sex.
Can be spread from mother to fetus

11. Treatment
Antibiotics- A single dose of azithromycin or a week of doxycycline (twice daily)
Abstain from intercourse until treated.
Get retested 3 months later.
Take all the prescribed medicine. Even if the symptoms go away, the infection may still be in your body until treatment is complete.
Make sure your partner(s) is/are treated at the same time so you don't give gonorrhea to each other again.
Do not share your medicine with anyone.
Consult your health care provider if you have symptoms after treatment.

12. Gonorrhea A common sexually transmitted disease (STD)
Often has no symptoms
Easily treated
Easily spread with or without symptoms
Condoms offer good protection
Infect the penis, vagina, cervix, anus, urethra, or throat. Sometimes it is called "the clap" or "the drip.“
It affects about 600,000 women and men in the United States every year.

13. Symptoms-Often No Symptoms
Women-4 out of 5 no symptoms
Men-1 out of 10 no symptoms
abdominal pain
bleeding between menstrual periods
fever
menstrual irregularities
painful intercourse
painful urination
swelling or tenderness of the vulva
the urge to urinate more than usual
throwing up
discharge from the penis
pain or burning feeling while urinating
more frequent urination than usual

14. Complications Women Men Premature pregnancy or still birth.
Can be passed from mother to fetus.
Pelvic Inflammatory Disease
Arthritis/Skin Sores
Epididymitis-become infertile
Fever, swelling and pain in scrotum
Arthritis/ Skin Sores

15. How is it Spread? Vaginal and anal intercourse Oral sex
Can be passed from mother to fetus

16. Treatment Antibiotics
Although medication will stop the infection, it will not repair any permanent damage done by the disease
Take all the prescribed medicine. Even if the symptoms go away, the infection may still be in your body until treatment is complete.
Make sure your partner(s) is/are treated at the same time so you don't give gonorrhea to each other again.
Do not share your medicine with anyone.
Consult your health care provider if you have symptoms after treatment.

17. Syphilis-Often no Symptoms
A sexually transmitted disease (STD)
Often has no symptoms
Treatment available in the early stages
Condoms offer good protection
It can infect the vagina, anus, urethra, or penis, as well as the lips and mouth.
36,000 Americans every year.

18. Symptoms
Primary Stage — A painless sore or open, wet ulcer, which is called a chancre, appears. You may have just one chancre or a few. Chancres usually appear about three weeks after infection, but may take up to 90 days. Without treatment, they last 3–6 weeks. Chancres can appear on the genitals, in the vagina, on the cervix, lips, mouth, breasts, or anus. Swollen glands may also occur during the primary phase.

19. Symptoms
Secondary Stage — Other symptoms often appear 3–6 weeks after the sores appear. These syphilis symptoms may come and go for up to two years. They include body rashes that last 2–6 weeks — often on the palms of the hands and the soles of the feet. There are many other symptoms, including mild fever, fatigue, sore throat, hair loss, weight loss, swollen glands, headache, and muscle pains.

20. Complications
Late Stage- Symptoms can appear years later. Difficulty coordinating muscle movements, paralysis, numbness, gradual blindness, and dementia. In the late stages of syphilis, the disease damages the internal organs, including the brain, nerves, eyes, heart, blood vessels, liver, bones, and joints. This damage can result in death.
Women can pass infection to baby-can cause cataracts, deafness, or seizures

21. How is it Spread? Can be spread from mother to fetus
vaginal and anal intercourse
oral sex
kissing (much less commonly)
Can be spread from mother to fetus

22. Treatment Prescribed Medication
Avoid Sexual intercourse during treatment

23. Trichomoniasis Often called "trich" A sexually transmitted infection
Often has no symptoms
Easily treated
Condoms reduce your risk of infection
8 million Americans infected each year

24. Symptoms-Often No Symptoms
Women
Men
blood spotting in discharge
itching in and around the vagina
swelling in the groin
the urge to urinate frequently — often with pain and burning
discharge from the urethra
the urge to urinate frequently — often with pain and burning

25. Complications Can last for years without treatment.
Can be passed from mother to baby.

26. How is it Spread?
Vaginal Intercourse

27. Treatment Antibiotics
1 in 5 people will contract again within 3 months.

28. Human Papillomavirus (HPV)
A very common infection
A few types can lead to cervical and other cancers
Treatment available for cell changes in the cervix caused by HPV
Spread easily by skin-to-skin contact
There are ways to reduce your risk of getting HPV
HPV is so common that about half of all men and more than 3 out of 4 women have HPV at some point in their lives

29. HPV Most HPV infections have no harmful effect at all.
Some types of HPV may cause genital warts. These are called low-risk types of HPV.
Some types of HPV may cause cell changes that sometimes lead to cervical cancer and certain other genital and throat cancers. These are called high- risk types
Most HPV infections go away within 8 to 13 months, some will not. HPV infections that do not go away can "hide" in the body for years and not be detected

30. Symptoms No symptoms in men or women. Women go for PAP test
Men there is no test, but HPV almost always goes away.

31. How is it Spread? Skin to Skin contact
Usually, vaginal or anal intercourse.
Oral sex

32. Treatment
No Treatment
HPV Vaccine

33. Hepatitis B A kind of liver infection Often has no symptoms
No cure, but the infection often goes away on its own
Many states require the hepatitis B vaccine for school children
Can be spread during sex play
Easily spread with or without symptoms
Condoms offer good protection for people not vaccinated
About 46,000 Americans each year.

34. Other Hepatitis
Hepatitis A (HAV). A person can get hepatitis A from infected fecal matter that gets into the mouth — from contaminated food, for example. This infection usually spreads when people do not wash their hands after using the bathroom. HAV also can pass from one sex partner to another. Hepatitis A is not a long-term infection. A person can only get the infection once. There is also a vaccine for HAV.
Hepatitis C (HCV). Hepatitis C is passed through direct contact with an infected person's blood. It can spread during sex, but this is very rare. HCV is more likely to be spread during sex if either of the sex partners also has another sexually transmitted infection. For most people, HCV is a long-term infection and causes chronic liver disease.

35. Symptoms Often no symptoms When symptoms occur: can be 6 weeks-6 months after infection.
Early Symptoms
Late Symptoms
extreme tiredness
tenderness and pain in the lower abdomen
loss of appetite
nausea, vomiting
pain in the joints
headache
fever
hives
more severe abdominal pain
dark urine
pale-colored bowel movements
jaundice — yellowing of the skin and eyes

36. How is it Spread?
Hepatitis B is very contagious. It is passed through an exchange of semen, vaginal fluids, blood, and urine by
having sexual intercourse without a latex or female condom
having unprotected oral sex
sharing needles and other "works" to inject drugs
sharing personal hygiene utensils such as toothbrushes and razors
accidental pricks with contaminated needles in the course of health care
HBV can also be passed from mother to infant during birth.

37. Treatment No Cure 9 out of 10 will recover completely in 4-8 weeks
1 out of 20 who get HBV will be carrier
1 in 5 die from the infection.

38. Herpes A very common sexually transmitted disease (STD)
Can affect the mouth (oral herpes) or genitals (genital herpes)
Easily spread with or without symptoms
Treatment available for herpes symptoms
There are ways to reduce your risk of getting herpes
Up to 8 out of 10 American adults have oral herpes. And about 1 out of 4 American adults have genital herpes.

39. Symptoms-Flare ups every few weeks or months. Last for 1-2 weeks
Oral
Genital
blisters
burning feelings if urine flows over sores
inability to urinate if severe swelling of sores blocks the urethra
itching
open sores
pain in the infected area
Cold Sores
Inside mouth, Lips
Flare up every few weeks, months, years
Harmless

40. How is it Spread? Touching, kissing Vaginal or anal intercourse
Oral sex
Most contagious when sores are open
But can be spread from someone with no symptoms.
Mother rarely passed to fetus, unless she is newly infected.

41. Treatment
No cure
Medications to help manage infection

42. HIV/AIDS HIV is the infection that causes AIDS.
HIV has few or no symptoms for up to 10 years or more before symptoms of AIDS develop.
There is no cure for HIV/AIDS, but treatment is available.
HIV can be spread during sex play.
Latex and female condoms offer very good protection against HIV.
980,000 cases reported, 40,000 each year

43. Symptoms AIDS Swollen glands Fever Headache Fatigue Muscles aches
HIV-usually no symptoms
AIDS
Swollen glands
Fever
Headache
Fatigue
Muscles aches
thrush — a thick, whitish coating of the tongue or mouth that is caused by a yeast infection and sometimes accompanied by a sore throat
severe or recurring vaginal yeast infections
chronic pelvic inflammatory disease
severe and frequent infections
periods of extreme and unexplained tiredness that may be combined with headaches, lightheadedness, and/or dizziness
quick loss of more than 10 pounds of weight that is not due to increased physical exercise or dieting
bruising more easily than normal
long periods of frequent diarrhea
frequent fevers and/or night sweats
swelling or hardening of glands located in the throat, armpit, or groin
periods of persistent, deep, dry coughing
increasing shortness of breath
the appearance of discolored or purplish growths on the skin or inside the mouth
unexplained bleeding from growths on the skin, from the mouth, nose, anus, or vagina, or from any opening in the body
frequent or unusual skin rashes
severe numbness or pain in the hands or feet, the loss of muscle control and reflex, paralysis, or loss of muscular strength
confusion, personality change, or decreased mental abilities

44. How is it Spread?
Transmitted in blood, semen, vaginal fluids, and breast milk
having vaginal or anal intercourse without a condom with someone who has HIV/AIDS
sharing needles or syringes with someone who has HIV/AIDS
being deeply punctured with a needle or surgical instrument contaminated with HIV
getting HIV-infected blood, semen, or vaginal secretions into open wounds or sores

45. Treatment
No Cure
Medication to strengthen immune system