1. HISTORY OF USA 1. From The exploration of the continent to The Colonial Period Gymnázium Pavla Jozefa Šafárika Kód ITMS projektu: 26110130661 Názov projektu: Kvalitou vzdelávania otvárame brány VŠ Vzdelávacia oblasť: Jazyk a komunikácia Predmet Anglický jazyk Ročník, triedy: VIII.OA Tematický celok: Reálie anglicky hovoriacich krajín Vypracoval: Ing. Diana Matisová Dátum: 6/2015

2. Obsah 1.The USA and its beginnings 2.The exploration of the continent 3.The Colonial Period 1607-1775 4.Quick Quiz 2

3. 33333 THE USA AND ITS BEGINNINGS GREAT EXPLORERS - the discoverer of America never stepped on the soil of the New World – America (14.October1492, landed on an island in Caribbean Sea – believed he is in Asia) 1. CHRISTOPHER COLOMBUS 2. VIKINGS -The Vikings perhaps landed on the northeast coast – in Newfoundland in Canada in 1000 – lack of materail evidence

4. 4 1. CHRISTOPHER COLOMBUS

5. 5 2. VIKINGS

6. 666666 THE EXPLORATION OF THE CONTINENT 1497-1524 AMERICA – named by a German cartographer after an Italian explorer, Amerigo Vespucci EXPEDITIONS John Cabot – northeast coast Juan Ponce de Leon – Florida Giovanni da Verrazano - New York Bay Francis Drake (1579) – on his voyage round the globe entered San Francisco Bay Henry Hudson (1609) – discovered the Hudson River

7. 7 THE EXPLORATION OF THE CONTINENT FRANCIS DRAKE

8. 8888 The Colonial Period 1607-1775 FIRST SETTLEMENTS - Sir Walter Raleigh -established the first English colony and called it Virginia – in honour of the „virgin-queen“ – Elizabeth I. -The first British colonist were adventurous and impoverished gentlemen incapable of working the land – therefor early colonies in Virginia were completely failures. – „Lost Colony“ 1584 VIRGINIA

9. 999 The Colonial Period 1607-1775 1607 JAMESTOWN, VIRGINIA - the first successful settlement in Virginia was established in 1607, under King James I. – after whom it was called Jamestown (105 men in 3 ships).

10. 10 The Colonial Period 1607-1775

11. 11 The Colonial Period 1607-1775 LEGEND - POCAHONTAS -Their leader (Jamestown) – Captain Smith, became later known for his association with the Indian Princess (young daughter of Chief Powhatan) – Pocahontas –, she saved Smith life, later- John Rolfea (got married).

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13. 13 The Colonial Period 1607-1775 - in 1620 a group of Puritan refugees from England, known as the Pilgrim Fathers, reached the coast of North America in their ship the Mayflower. They landed on the Massachusetts coast and founded a settlement – Plymouth – on memory of the English port – from which Mayflower set sail 103 passengers 1620 PLYMOUTH

14. 14 The Colonial Period 1607-1775

15. 15 The Colonial Period 1607-1775 NEW ENGLAND - this was the beginning of the northern English colonies in America. These first colonies in the North were called – New England The settlers in New England - were completely different from the aristocratic adventurers further south, in Virginia. They were Puritan farmers and artisans – emigrated from England to escape the religious persecution under the Stuarts. -were hard-working, courageous, steadfast, thrifty, enterprising

16. 16 The Stuarts

17. The Colonial Period 1607-1775 17 NEW ENGLAND - in 1620 -1640 some 30.000 Puritans settled in New England. -When the English revolution began (the Civil War 1640- 1649) - the Puritan exodus slackened, but Royalist exodus began – emigrated to Virginia – bought large estates and established huge tobacco plantations

18. 18 A tobacoo plantation

19. 19 The Colonial Period 1607-1775 - in 1600s Tobacco Plantations were established - Firstly labour was provided by „indentured servants“ – paupers from England and Scotland, evicted peasants from 1619- The first 20 Africans were brought to Virginia as Indentured servants -1660 – slavery was first recognized in Virgiania Law -White indentured labour was replaced by black slaves from Africa Labour

20. 20 The Colonial Period 1607-1775 Slave Plantations in the Colonial South -Conditions: fertile soil, hilly coastal plains, forests, long rivers and swamp areas -Climate: Mild winters and hot, humid summers made it possible to grow crops throughout the year -Labour-based Slave Plantations -Various crops: Cotton Plantations Tobacco Plantations Rice Plantations Sugar Plantations Indigo Plantations

21. 21 Slave Trade

22. 22 Slave Plantations

23. 23 The Colonial Period 1607-1775 The English colonies in the South THE SOUTHERN AND THE NORTERN COLONIES -Virginia, North Carolina The English colonies in the North -New England They were separated by a Dutch Colony (NY area 1624) at the mouth of the Hudson river, its chief town was New Amsterdam on Manhattan Island (bought from natives/ Indians for $24)

24. 24 The Colonial Period 1607-1775 New Amsterdam – New York -1664 New Amsterdam was captured by the English and Charles II. granted this area to his brother James, Duke of York, after whom it was renamed New York.

25. 25 The Colonial Period 1607-1775 Delaware -A number of British, Dutch and Swedish settlers set up a colony Delaware Carolinas -A group of royal favourites under Charles II. received the Carolinas Pennsylvania -William Penn, the son of admiral to whom a king owed money, received a collony which bears his name

26. 26 13 colonies -English dominated the whole of the Atlantic coast with the exception of Florida

27. 27 The Colonial Period 1607-1775 FRENCH COLONIES -The main rival of the English colonization of North America were the French -They had 2 colonies: 1)New France (what is now Canada) 2)Louisiana (in honour of Lois XIV, king of France) – stretching from Canada in the north to the mouth of Mississippi river in the south French controlled all the territory west of Appalachians

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29. 29 The Colonial Period 1607-1775 The Seven Years War WARS BETWEEN THE ENGLISH AND THE FRENCH In the 18th century there were continual wars between the English and the French. - Ended in 1763 with the Peace of Paris - The English kept the territories they had conquered in America (Canada and Fort Duquesne – Pittsburgh) and received all the territory east of the Mississippi except New Orleans The rest of the French province of Louiusiana was tranferred to Spain (New Orleans. 1800 returned to France)

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31. 31 1803 Napoleon sold Louisiana, he needed money for his war in Europe.

32. 32 QUICK QUIZ CHOOSE THE CORRECT ANSWER a) New York b) North Carolina c) Virginia What is the name of the first colony established by British in USA?

33. 33 QUICK QUIZ CHOOSE THE CORRECT ANSWER What was the name of the ship of Pilgrim fathers? a) Yourflower b) Mayflower c) Pillgrim Father

34. 34 QUICK QUIZ CHOOSE THE CORRECT ANSWER What was the original name of New York? a) New Amsterdam b) Old Amsterdam c) Old York

35. 35 QUICK QUIZ CHOOSE THE CORRECT ANSWER How many colonies did English have? a)12 b) 13 c) 14

36. 36 QUICK QUIZ CHOOSE THE CORRECT ANSWER How many colonies did French have? a) 1 b) 2 c) 3

37. 37 QUICK QUIZ CHOOSE THE CORRECT ANSWER Who was the victor of The Seven Years War? a) French b) English c) Natives

38. http://www.landofthebrave.info/slave- plantations.htm http://www.landofthebrave.info/slave- plantations.htm http://www.un.org/en/events/africandescentdecade /slave-trade.shtml http://www.un.org/en/events/africandescentdecade /slave-trade.shtml http://slideplayer.com/slide/3834824/ http://nativeamericannetroots.net/diary/979 VESELÝ, K.: The English speaking countries – Reálie anglicky mluvícíh zemí. Praha: Státní pedagogické nakladatelství 1985. 156-157 s. 38 POUŽITÉ ZDROJE