3. Definition: Takeover of a territory by a stronger nation Goal: 1.) to dominate the political, economic, and cultural affairs of the people

4. Colonialism:  Country conquers and rules over other regions  Exploits their resources  Build settlements

5. I. Economic: 1.) Industrial Revolution 2.) Population Growth 3.) Need for Raw Material 4.) Need for New Markets

6. II. Cultural: 1.) Spread Ideas & Knowledge of West 2.) The “White Man’s Burden” ◦ Help or Improve primitive people  Christians Missionaries aide III. Political: 1.) Create an Empire to expand influence (land = power) 2.) Grow in Power & Dominance

7. Merchants/Explorers set sail Set up Trading Post -> Population builds Soldiers arrive -> Protect Citizens Engineers/Builders arrive-> Build Towns Develop for Benefit of Home Country Locals Excluded!! Locals Exploited & Suffer!!

8. The Beginning: 1.) 1400’s Portuguese first in Africa 2.) 1700’s Europeans explore African interior 3.) 1835 most of N. Africa had been mapped 4.) 1870 European nations control only 10% 5.) 1870-1914 “The Race for Africa” 6.) 1914 only Ethiopia & Liberia were independent

10.  Regulated European colonization and trade in Africa  Organized by Portugal and Otto von Bismarck (Germany)  Seen as the formalization of the Scramble for Africa  Outcome: ushered in a period of heightened colonial activity by European powers, while simultaneously eliminating most existing forms of African autonomy and self-governance.