2. Chapter Menu Matter—Properties and Change Section 3.1Section 3.1Properties of Matter Section 3.2Section 3.2 Changes in Matter Section 3.3Section 3.3 Mixtures of Matter Section 3.4Section 3.4 Elements and Compounds Exit Click a hyperlink or folder tab to view the corresponding slides.

3. Section 3-1 Section 3.1 Properties of Matter Identify the characteristics of a substance. density: a ratio that compares the mass of an object to its volume Distinguish between physical and chemical properties. Differentiate among the physical states of matter.

4. Section 3-1 Section 3.1 Properties of Matter (cont.) states of matter solid liquid gas Vapor Plasma Most common substances exist as solids, liquids, and gases, which have diverse physical and chemical properties. physical property extensive property intensive property chemical property

5. Section 3-1 Substances Matter is anything that has mass and takes up space. Matter is everything around us. Matter with a uniform and unchanging composition is a pure substance. Particles of matter are always in motion. The kinetic energy (speed) of these particles increases as temperature increases.

6. Section 3-1 States of Matter The physical forms of matter, either solid, liquid, or gas, are called the states of matter.states of matter Solids are a form of matter that have their own definite shape and volume. Very Low Kinetic EnergySolids Liquids are a form of matter that have a definite volume but take the shape of the container. Low Kinetic EnergyLiquids

7. Section 3-1 States of Matter (cont.) Gases have no definite shape or volume. They expand to fill their container. Very High Kinetic EnergyGases Vapor refers to the gaseous state of a substance that is normally a solid or liquid at room temperature.Vapor Plasma very high kinetic energy- particles collide with enough energy to break into charged particles (+/-). gas-like, variable shape & volume

8. Section 3-1 Physical Properties of Matter A physical property is a characteristic that can be observed or measured without changing the sample’s composition.physical property

9. Section 3-1 Physical Properties of Matter (cont.) Extensive properties are dependent on the amount of substance present, such as…Extensive properties Intensive properties are independent of the amount of substance present, such as…Intensive properties

10. A. Extensive vs. Intensive Examples: –boiling point –volume –mass –density –conductivity intensive extensive intensive Extensive vs. Intensive

11. Section 3-1 Chemical Properties of Matter The ability of a substance to combine with or change into one or more other substances is called a chemical property.chemical property describes the ability of a substance to undergo changes in identity –Examples:

12. Section 3-1 Observing Properties of Matter A substance can change Chemical properties can change with specific environmental conditions, such as temperature and pressure.

13. B. Physical vs. Chemical Examples: –melting point –flammable –density –magnetic –tarnishes in air physical chemical physical chemical Physical vs. Chemical

14. A.A B.B C.C D.D Section 3-1 Section 3.1 Assessment Density is what kind of property? A.atomic B.intensive C.extensive D.dependent

15. A.A B.B C.C D.D Section 3-1 Section 3.1 Assessment What defines a gas? A.Gases have a definite volume and shape. B.Gases have a definite volume but take the shape of their container. C.Gases have no definite volume or shape. D.Gases have a definite shape but no definite volume.