1. The Byzantine Empire The new empire in the East The new empire in the East

2. Geography Constantinople Constantinople Location Location The Bosporus strait The Bosporus strait Trade Trade Defense Defense Walls Walls Moat Moat Peninsula Peninsula

3. Geography and natural defenses

4. Economy and Politics Byzantine Prosperity Byzantine Prosperity Trade (silk) Trade (silk) Art (mosaics) Art (mosaics) Weapons (Greek Fire) Weapons (Greek Fire) The Relationship between church and state The Relationship between church and state East (Patriarch chosen by Emperor) East (Patriarch chosen by Emperor) West (Pope chooses HRE) West (Pope chooses HRE)

5. The Split between East and West Christianity Christianity Language Language Ceremonies / Holy days Ceremonies / Holy days Iconoclasm Iconoclasm Married clergy Married clergy Who is in charge? Who is in charge? The Schism of 1054 The Schism of 1054 Eastern Orthodox Church Eastern Orthodox Church Pope and Patriarch excommunicated Pope and Patriarch excommunicated

6. Justinian and Theodora (527- 565) Justinian's “Body of Civil Law” Justinian's “Body of Civil Law” Theodora (wife) Theodora (wife) Rebuilt The Hagia Sophia Rebuilt The Hagia Sophia Re-Conquest of the West Re-Conquest of the West autocrat autocrat

7. The Hagia Sophia

8. Justinian in the West

9. The Byzantine Empire Besieged By 631 had lost all of the land in the West By 631 had lost all of the land in the West New threats (in the 7 th century) will further shrink Byzantine holdings New threats (in the 7 th century) will further shrink Byzantine holdings Islam Islam Slavs in the Balkans Slavs in the Balkans Vikings Vikings

10. Byzantine Empire by 1050

11. The Decline of the Byzantine Empire Military decline Military decline 1071 The Battle of Manzikert (Seljuk Turks) 1071 The Battle of Manzikert (Seljuk Turks) Wiped out the entire Byzantine army Wiped out the entire Byzantine army 1204: 4 th Crusade took Constantinople 1204: 4 th Crusade took Constantinople 1453: Ottoman Turks 1453: Ottoman Turks Memhed II Memhed II

12. Latin West vs. the Byzantine East The West The West Language Language Latin Latin Religion Religion Education Education Economy Economy Lifestyle Lifestyle Art/Architecture Art/Architecture The East The East Language Greek Religion Education Economy Lifestyle Art/Architecture